Manufacturing method of an alloy powder for rare earth magnet and the rare earth magnet based on heat treatment
A manufacturing method of an alloy powder for rare earth magnet and the rare earth magnet based on heat treatment includes the following: an alloy of the rare earth magnet is firstly coarsely crushed and then finely crushed by jet milling to obtain a fine powder; the fine powder is obtained by being heated in vacuum or in inert gas atmosphere at a temperature of 100° C.˜1000° C. for 6 minutes to 24 hours. The heat treatment of fine powder is performed after the process of finely crushed jet milling before the process of compacting under a magnetic field, so that the sintering property of the powder is changed drastically, and it obtains a magnet with a high coercivity, a high squareness and a high heat resistance.
1. A manufacturing method of an alloy powder for rare earth magnet based on heat treatment, the rare earth magnet comprising R 2 T 14 B main phase, R being selected from at least one rare earth element, and T being at least one transition metal element including the element Fe, the method comprising the steps of:
strip casting a molten alloy fluid of raw material and cooling the molten alloy fluid at a cooling rate between 10 2 ° C./s to 10 4 ° C./s, to thereby obtain an alloy for the rare earth magnet;
coarsely crushing the alloy for the rare earth magnet to yield a coarsely crushed alloy and subsequently finely crushing the coarsely crushed alloy by jet milling to obtain a fine powder; and
heating the fine powder in vacuum, of which a pressure is in a range of 10 −2 Pa-500 Pa with an oxygen content of 0.5 ppm-2000 ppm and a dew point of −60° C.-20° C., or in an inert gas atmosphere, of which a pressure is in a range of 10 −1 Pa-1000 Pa with an oxygen content of 0.5 ppm-2000 ppm and a dew point of −60° C.-20° C., at a temperature of 300° C.-700° C. for 1 hour to 24 hours, to thereby create an oxidation layer evenly on particle surfaces of the fine powder.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein, in the step of heating the fine powder, the fine powder is vibrated or shaken.
3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of coarsely crushing includes:
treating the alloy for the rare earth magnet by hydrogen decrepitation under a hydrogen pressure between 0.01 MPa to 1 MPa for 0.5-6 hours to yield a treated alloy, and
subsequently dehydrogenating the treated alloy in vacuum.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 2 , wherein the alloy for the rare earth magnet is R e T f A g J h G i D k , wherein:
R is Nd or comprises Nd and at least one of the elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu or Y;
T is Fe or comprises Fe and at least one of the elements Ru, Co or Ni;
A is B or comprises B and at least one of the elements C or P;
J is selected from at least one of the elements Cu, Mn, Si or Cr;
G is selected from at least one of the elements Al, Ga, Ag, Bi or Sn;
D is selected from at least one of the elements Zr, Hf, V, Mo, W, Ti or Nb; and
the e, g, h, i, k and f have such values that:
the atomic percent of R is 12 at %-16 at %,
the atomic percent of A is 5 at %-9 at %,
the atomic percent of J is 0.05 at %-1 at %,
the atomic percent of G is 0.2 at %-2.0 at %,
the atomic percent of D is 0-4 at %, and
the atomic percent of T is (100−e−g−h−i−k) at %.
5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of coarsely crushing includes:
treating the alloy for the rare earth magnet by hydrogen decrepitation under a hydrogen pressure between 0.01 MPa to 1 MPa for 0.5-6 hours to yield a treated alloy, and
subsequently dehydrogenating the treated alloy in vacuum.
6. The manufacturing method according to claim 2 , wherein the step of coarsely crushing includes:
treating the alloy for the rare earth magnet by hydrogen decrepitation under a hydrogen pressure between 0.01 MPa to 1 MPa for 0.5-6 hours to yield a treated alloy, and
subsequently dehydrogenating the treated alloy in vacuum.
7. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein, in the step of heating the fine powder, a texture of the particle surfaces of the fine powder is changed.
8. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein, in the step of heating the fine powder, edges of the fine powder are smoothed.
9. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , comprising liquid cooling the fine powder after the step of heating the fine powder.
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9 , wherein, in the step of liquid cooling, the fine powder is rotated.
11. The manufacturing method according to claim 9 , wherein, in the step of liquid cooling, the fine powder is rotated at a speed of about 20 rotations per minute for about 3 hours.
12. The manufacturing method according to claim 3 , wherein the step of coarsely crushing includes:
cooling the treated alloy after the step of dehydrogenating the treated alloy in vacuum.