VARIABLE PITCH FAN BLADE ARRANGEMENT FOR GAS TURBINE ENGINE
A gas turbine engine according to an example of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a fan including a plurality of fan blades rotatable about an engine axis. Each of the fan blades have a leading edge and rotate about a fan blade axis. A method of operating a gas turbine engine is also disclosed.
1 . A gas turbine engine comprising:
a fan including a plurality of fan blades rotatable about an engine axis, a diameter of the fan having a dimension D that is based on a dimension of the fan blades, each of the fan blades having a leading edge and rotatable about a fan blade axis that is substantially transverse to the engine axis; and
a nacelle assembly arranged at least partially about the fan, the nacelle assembly including an inlet portion forward of the fan and a bypass flow path, a length of the inlet portion having a dimension L between a location of the leading edge of at least some of the fan blades and a forward edge on the inlet portion, wherein a dimensional relationship of L/D is less than or equal to about 0.4.
2 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1 , wherein the dimensional relationship of L/D is equal to or greater than about 0.24.
3 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1 , wherein rotation of each of the fan blades about the corresponding fan blade axis is bounded between a first position and a second position to define a pitch change angle, the first position relating to a first reference plane extending in a radial direction through the engine axis, and the second position relating to a second reference plane perpendicular to the first reference plane.
4 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 3 , wherein the pitch change angle is less than or equal to 60 degrees.
5 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 3 , wherein the plurality of fan blades includes a first fan blade and a second fan blade, the first fan blade rotatable such that an orientation of the first fan blade differs from an orientation of the second fan blade relative to the engine axis.
6 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 3 , comprising a fixed area fan nozzle in communication with the fan section.
7 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1 , comprising a geared architecture driven by a turbine section, the geared architecture configured to drive the fan at a different speed than the turbine section, and the geared architecture defines a gear reduction ratio greater than or equal to about 2.3.
8 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1 , wherein the nacelle assembly includes a thrust reverser configured to selectively communicate a portion of fan bypass airflow from the bypass flow path.
9 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 8 , wherein the nacelle assembly includes:
a first nacelle section arranged at least partially about the fan;
a second nacelle section arranged at least partially about a core cowling to define the bypass flow path, the thrust reverser being positioned axially between the first nacelle section and the second nacelle section, and the second nacelle section moveable relative to the first nacelle section to vary an exit area of the bypass flow path.
10 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 9 , wherein the nacelle assembly includes a variable area fan nozzle movable relative to the second nacelle section to vary the exit area.
11 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 9 , wherein:
the fan includes between 12 and 20 fan blades;
the fan is configured to deliver a portion of air into a compressor section and a portion of air into the bypass flow path; and
a bypass ratio which is defined as a volume of air passing to the bypass flow path compared to a volume of air passing into the compressor section is greater than or equal to 12.
12 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 11 , wherein the fan is configured to define a pressure ratio of between 1.2 and 1.4 at a predefined operating condition.
13 . A gas turbine engine comprising:
a fan including a plurality of fan blades rotatable about an engine axis, a root section of each of the fan blades rotatable about a corresponding fan blade axis to modulate airflow delivered to a bypass flow path;
a geared architecture configured to drive the fan at a different speed than a turbine section; and
wherein rotation of each of the fan blades about the corresponding fan blade axis is bounded between a first position and a second position to define a pitch change angle, the fan being configured to generate forward thrust or zero thrust in respective ones of the first and second positions, and the pitch change angle is less than or equal to 60 degrees.
14 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 13 , wherein the plurality of fan blades include a first set of fan blades and a second set of fan blades, the first set of fan blades rotatable such that an orientation of each of the first set of fan blades differs from an orientation of each of the second set of fan blades at a predefined operating condition.
15 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 13 , comprising:
a fan nacelle defining the bypass flow path terminating at a trailing edge; and
a thrust reverser configured to selectively communicate airflow from the bypass flow path at a location forward of the trailing edge.
16 . The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 15 , comprising a variable area fan nozzle movable relative to the fan nacelle to vary an exit area of the bypass flow path.
17 . A method of operating a gas turbine engine comprising:
rotating a plurality of fan blades about a common axis at a first speed;
rotating at least some of the plurality of fan blades about a corresponding fan blade axis to modulate fan bypass airflow delivered to a bypass duct, rotation of each of the plurality of fan blades about the corresponding fan blade axis being bounded to define a pitch change angle such that the fan blades generate forward thrust or zero thrust for each position relative to the corresponding fan blade axis;
rotating a fan drive turbine at a second, different speed to drive the plurality of fan blades; and
wherein the plurality of fan blades define a pressure ratio that is less than or equal to 1.4 at a predetermined operating condition.
18 . The method as recited in claim 17 , comprising rotating at least one of the plurality of fan blades to a first orientation during a first operating condition such that the first orientation differs from a second orientation of an adjacent one of the plurality of fan blades.
19 . The method as recited in claim 18 , comprising rotating the at least one of the plurality of fan blades during a second operating condition to a third orientation that is substantially the same as the second orientation.
20 . The method as recited in claim 18 , comprising communicating fan bypass airflow from the bypass duct to generate reverse thrust.
21 . The method as recited in claim 17 , comprising moving a first nacelle section relative to a second nacelle section to vary an exit area of the bypass duct.
22 . The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the plurality of fan blades defines a pressure ratio that is equal to or greater than 1.2 at the predetermined operating condition.
23 . The method as recited in claim 22 , wherein the pitch change angle is less than or equal to 60 degrees.
24 . The method as recited in claim 23 , comprising communicating a portion of fan bypass airflow from the bypass duct to generate an amount of reverse thrust.