Glass precursor gel
A glass precursor gel and a method of making a glass product from the glass precursor gel are disclosed. The glass precursor gel includes a bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix that is homogeneously chemically mixed and includes 30 mol % to 90 wt. % silica and at least one of the following: (A) 0.1 mol % to 25 mol % of one or more alkali oxides in sum total, (B) 0.1 mol % to 25 mol % of one or more alkaline earth oxides in sum total, (C) 1 mol % to 20 mol % boric oxide, (D) 5 mol % to 80 mol % lead oxide, or (E) 0.1 mol % to 10 mol % aluminum oxide. A method of making a glass product from the glass precursor gel involves obtaining the glass precursor gel, melting the glass precursor gel into molten glass, and forming the molten glass into a glass product.
1. A glass precursor gel comprising:
a bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix having an inorganic network of primary constituent oxides, the primary constituent oxides comprising 30 mol % to 90 mol % silica, 0.1 mol % to 25 mol % sodium oxide, and 0.1 mol % to 25 mol % calcium oxide; wherein the bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix is homogenously chemically mixed and, further, wherein the glass precursor gel has a density of less than 2.0 g/cm 3 .
2. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 1 , wherein the amorphous oxide-based matrix comprises 60 mol % to 85% silica, 8 mol % to 18 mol % sodium oxide, and 5 mol % to 15 mol % calcium oxide.
3. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 2 , wherein the amorphous oxide-based matrix further comprises aluminum oxide.
4. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 1 , wherein the amorphous oxide-based matrix further comprises at least one of glass network formers, coloring agents, redox agents, or combinations thereof.
5. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 1 , wherein the glass precursor gel has a density of 1.6 g/cm 3 to 1.85 g/cm 3 and a surface area of at least 20 m 2 /g as measured by nitrogen BET adsorption.
6. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 1 , wherein, upon heating, the glass precursor gel evolves oxygen gas between 450° C. and 1500° C.
7. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 1 , further comprising water that is chemically entrained within the bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix.
8. A glass precursor gel comprising:
a bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix having an inorganic network of primary constituent oxides and an extending swelling agent that is chemically entrained within the bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix, the primary constituent oxides comprising 60 mol % to 85 mol % silica, 8 mol % to 18 mol % sodium oxide, and 5 mol % to 15 mol % calcium oxide; wherein the bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix is homogenously chemically mixed and, further, wherein the glass precursor gel has a density of less than 2.0 g/cm 3 .
9. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 8 , wherein the amorphous oxide-based matrix further comprises aluminum oxide.
10. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 8 , wherein, upon heating, the glass precursor gel evolves oxygen gas between 450° C. and 1500° C.
11. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 8 , wherein the extending swelling agent that is chemically entrained within the bulk amorphous oxide-based matrix is water.
12. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 11 , wherein the glass precursor gel evolves water vapor above 125° C. and up to 400° C. when heated at a rate of 5° C. per minute starting from 20° C. and 1 atmosphere.
13. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 12 , wherein the glass precursor gel retains as much as 0.5 wt % water at 400° C.
14. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 8 , wherein the glass precursor gel has a density of 1.6 g/cm 3 to 1.85 g/cm 3 .
15. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 14 , wherein the glass precursor gel has a surface area of at least 20 m 2 /g as measured by nitrogen BET adsorption.
16. The glass precursor gel set forth in claim 15 , wherein the glass precursor gel has a surface area of 25 m 2 /g to 40 m 2 /g as measured by nitrogen BET adsorption.