Active RFID tag arrangements for actuation of downhole equipment in well fluids
A first RFID tag arrangement for actuating a downhole tool includes a non-metallic housing enclosing a passive RFID tag, power source, pulsed oscillator circuit, and energizer coil. The pulsed oscillator circuit drives the energizer coil to stimulate and activate the tag such that it can be read by an external reader. A second RFID tag arrangement includes a non-metallic housing enclosing a power source, a transmission circuit, and a transmitter coil. The transmission circuit can drive the transmitter coil to transmit a payload stored in the transmission circuit such that the payload is delivered to an external reader. A method of actuating a downhole tool includes placing the tool's RFID tag reader in listen only mode, introducing into the wellbore an active RFID tag that transmits its payload to the reader, and optionally configuring the reader to reprogram the tag when it receives the payload therefrom.
1. A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag arrangement readable by an RFID tag reader placed in a listen only mode for actuating a downhole tool located in a wellbore, the RFID tag arrangement comprising:
a housing being non-metallic;
a circuit board disposed in the housing;
a transmission circuit mounted on the circuit board and storing a payload;
a transmitter coil mounted on the circuit board and disposed in electrical communication with the transmission circuit, the transmission coil comprising multiple transmission antennas installed within the housing at multiple angles; and
an electrical power source mounted on the circuit board and disposed in electrical communication with the transmission circuit, the electric power source storing an active charge before location in the wellbore;
wherein the electrical power source powers the transmission circuit to drive the transmitter coil to transmit the payload stored in the transmission circuit via the transmitter coil such that the RFID tag arrangement is actively readable by the RFID tag reader placed in the listen only mode external to the RFID tag arrangement.
2. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the transmission circuit is programmable.
3. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein transmission circuit is configured to transmit for a duration of 14-ms in transmission cycles and is configured to rest for a period of 16-ms between the transmission cycles.
4. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the payload is 12 bytes.
5. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the electrical power source is a battery.
6. The arrangement of claim 5 , wherein the battery is selected from the group consisting of a Lithium Thionyl Chloride Primary Cell, a 3.6V battery, one or more AA cells, and one or more AAA cells.
7. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the electrical power source is a capacitor.
8. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the circuit board defines a slot in which the electric power source is mounted.
9. The arrangement of claim 1 , wherein transmitter coil is affixed to extend from an end of the circuit board.
10. The arrangement of claim 1 , further comprising a carrier deployable downhole in the wellbore to the downhole tool and having the housing with the circuit board, the transmission circuit, the transmitter coil, and the electrical power disposed therein.
11. The arrangement of claim 10 , wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of a plug, a ball, a dart, a pump-down plug, and a pig.
12. A system for use in a wellbore, the system comprising;
a downhole tool for use in the wellbore, the downhole tool having a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag reader placed in a listen only mode and configured to actuate the downhole tool; and
an RFID tag arrangement according to claim 1 deployable downhole in the wellbore to the downhole tool.
13. A method of actuating a downhole tool designed to be used with a passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag using an active RFID tag, the method comprising:
placing an RFID tag reader of the downhole tool in a listen only mode in which the RFID tag reader does not transmit a stimulation signal to a tag; and
introducing an RFID tag arrangement according to claim 1 into the wellbore; and
transmitting a payload of the RFID tag arrangement to the RFID tag reader without stimulation by the RFID tag reader.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein transmitting the payload comprises transmitting for a duration of 14-ms in transmission cycles and resting for a period of 16-ms between the transmission cycles.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein transmitting the payload comprises transmitting the payload as 12 bytes.
16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising configuring the RFID tag reader to transmit a programming signal to the RFID tag arrangement reprogramming the RFID tag arrangement when RFID tag reader receives the payload.
17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising positioning the RFID tag arrangement in a carrier deployable downhole in the wellbore to the downhole tool.