Small earpiece enhanced on-ear detection with multiple cap sense

1. An earpiece comprising:

an earbud comprising:

a stem having a proximal end and a distal end,

a speaker disposed inside the stem at the distal end, and

a sleeve disposed inside the stem, wherein the sleeve is curved; and

a housing connected to the proximal end of the stem, the housing containing:

firmware configured to communicate electronically with the speaker and to communicate wirelessly with an external device,

a plurality of curved partial sleeves, each of the plurality of curved partial sleeves adjacent an inner surface of a wall of the housing; and

a processor in communication with the firmware, the sleeve, and the plurality of partially curved sleeves, the processor programmed to:

measure a first change in electrical capacitance of the sleeve, wherein the electrical capacitance of the sleeve is established between curved portions of the sleeve,

measure a plurality of changes in electrical capacitance of corresponding ones of the plurality of curved partial sleeves, and

set the earpiece to an “on ear” condition when the following conditions are satisfied:

the first change in electrical capacitance exceeds a first threshold, and

a preselected number of the plurality of curved partial sleeves have changes in electrical capacitance that exceed corresponding individual thresholds set for each of the plurality of curved partial sleeves.

2. The earpiece of claim 1 , wherein each of the corresponding individual thresholds are equal to each other.

3. The earpiece of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve and the plurality of curved partial sleeves comprise copper.

4. The earpiece of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve entirely wraps around the speaker.

5. The earpiece of claim 1 , wherein the earpiece further comprises a battery disposed inside the housing, and wherein the plurality of curved partial sleeves are wrapped around the battery.

6. The earpiece of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding individual thresholds are all different, and wherein a given threshold in the corresponding individual thresholds is greater than another threshold in the corresponding individual thresholds when a corresponding curved partial sleeve is closer to the stem relative to another curved partial sleeve.

7. The earpiece of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of curved partial sleeves comprise four curved partial sleeves having semi-hemispherical cross-sectional shapes of equal size.

8. The earpiece of claim 7 , wherein the preselected number comprises three of the four curved partial sleeves.

9. The earpiece of claim 8 , wherein:

the corresponding individual thresholds comprise:

a second threshold associated with a first curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

a third threshold associated with a second curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

a fourth threshold associated with a third curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

a fifth threshold associated with a fourth curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

the first curved partial sleeve and the second curved partial sleeve are closer to the stem than the third curved partial sleeve and the fourth curved partial sleeve; and

the second threshold and the third threshold are greater than the fourth threshold and the fifth threshold.

10. The earpiece of claim 1 , further comprising:

a battery disposed inside the housing; and

a processor in communication with the firmware, the sleeve, and the plurality of partially curved sleeves;

wherein:

the sleeve comprises copper,

the sleeve entirely wraps around the speaker,

the plurality of curved partial sleeves are wrapped around the battery,

the plurality of curved partial sleeves comprise four curved partial sleeves comprising copper and having semi-hemispherical cross-sectional shapes of equal size, and

the processor is configured to:

measure a first change in electrical capacitance of the sleeve,

measure four changes in electrical capacitance of corresponding ones of the four curved partial sleeves, and

set the earpiece to an “on ear” condition when the following conditions are satisfied:

the first change in electrical capacitance exceeds a first threshold, and

three of the four curved partial sleeves have changes in electrical capacitance that exceed corresponding individual thresholds set for each of the four curved partial sleeves.

11. The earpiece of claim 10 , wherein:

the corresponding individual thresholds comprise:

a second threshold associated with a first curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

a third threshold associated with a second curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

a fourth threshold associated with a third curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

a fifth threshold associated with a fourth curved partial sleeve of the four curved partial sleeves,

the first curved partial sleeve and the second curved partial sleeve are closer to the stem than the third curved partial sleeve and the fourth curved partial sleeve, and

the second threshold and the third threshold are greater than the fourth threshold and the fifth threshold.

12. The earpiece of claim 10 , wherein the corresponding individual thresholds further comprise:

at least one additional threshold associated with a difference in capacitance between any two of the four curved partial sleeves.

13. The earpiece of claim 11 , wherein the corresponding individual thresholds further comprise:

a sixth threshold associated with a first difference in capacitance between the second curved partial sleeve and third curved partial sleeve;

a seventh threshold associated with a second difference in capacitance between the third curved partial sleeve and fourth curved partial sleeve;

an eighth threshold associated with a third difference in capacitance between the fourth curved partial sleeve and fifth curved partial sleeve;

a ninth threshold associated with a fourth difference in capacitance between the second curved partial sleeve and fourth curved partial sleeve;

a tenth threshold associated with a fifth difference in capacitance between the second curved partial sleeve and fifth curved partial sleeve; and

an eleventh threshold associated with a sixth difference in capacitance between the third curved partial sleeve and fifth curved partial sleeve.

14. A method of activating an earpiece, the method comprising:

measuring a first change in electrical capacitance of a first sleeve disposed inside of a stem, wherein the electrical capacitance of the first sleeve is established between curved portions of the first sleeve;

measuring a plurality of changes in electrical capacitance of a corresponding plurality of curved partial sleeves partially wrapped inside of a housing attached to the stem;

activating the earpiece when the following conditions are satisfied:

the first change in electrical capacitance exceeds a first threshold; and

a preselected number of the corresponding plurality of curved partial sleeves have changes in electrical capacitance that exceed corresponding individual thresholds set for each of the corresponding plurality of curved partial sleeves.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the first threshold is greater than any of the corresponding individual thresholds.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the corresponding individual thresholds are greater for curved sleeves closer to the stem relative to curved sleeves located farther from the stem.

17. The method of claim 14 wherein:

the corresponding plurality of curved partial sleeves comprises a second sleeve, a third sleeve, a fourth sleeve, and a fifth sleeve, and further comprises semi-hemispherical cross sections of equal size;

the corresponding individual thresholds comprise a second threshold associated with the second sleeve, a third threshold associated with the third sleeve, a fourth threshold associated with the fourth sleeve, and a fifth threshold associated with the fifth sleeve; and

the preselected number comprises at least three of the second sleeve, third sleeve, fourth sleeve, and fifth sleeve.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the first threshold is greater than any of the corresponding individual thresholds.

19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the corresponding individual thresholds comprise a further threshold associated with a difference in capacitance between any two of the second sleeve, the third sleeve, the fourth sleeve, and the fifth sleeve.

20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the second threshold, the third threshold, the fourth threshold, and the fifth threshold are all different.

21. A system comprising circuitry configured to:

measure a first change in electrical capacitance of a first sleeve disposed inside a stem of an earpiece, wherein the electrical capacitance of the first sleeve is established between curved portions of the first sleeve;

measure a plurality of changes in electrical capacitance of corresponding ones of a plurality of curved partial sleeves that are adjacent an inner surface of a wall of a housing of the earpiece, the housing connected to a proximal end of the stem; and

set the earpiece to an “on ear” condition when the following conditions are satisfied:

the first change in electrical capacitance exceeds a first threshold; and

a preselected number of the plurality of curved partial sleeves have changes in electrical capacitance that exceed corresponding individual thresholds set for each of the plurality of curved partial sleeves.