Active stethoscope

1. A stethoscope, comprising:

a housing having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface defines a first groove on a first side of the housing and a second groove on a second side of the housing;

a photoplethysmogram sensor assembly operably coupled to the housing and configured to obtain and push photoplethysmogram data to a controller, the photoplethysmogram sensor assembly including:

a first optical sensor operably coupled to the housing within the first groove; and

a second optical sensor operably coupled to the housing within the second groove;

a phonocardiogram sensor coupled to the second surface of the housing and configured to obtain and push phonocardiogram data to the controller;

an electrocardiogram sensor assembly coupled to the housing, wherein the electrocardiogram sensor assembly includes a first electrode in the first groove, a second electrode in the second groove, and a third electrode on the second surface; and

a power supply operably coupled to the electrocardiogram sensor assembly to provide an electric current, wherein the first electrode is configured to apply the electric current and the second and third electrodes are configured to detect the electric current, and wherein the controller is configured to determine a variance in the electric current detected by the second and third electrodes, and further wherein the controller is configured to determine multiple sub-impedance signals based on the variances and a position of the third electrode relative to a patient body, the position of the third electrode configured to be changed to different locations on the patient body to form multiple vectors in the patient body to calculate the multiple sub-impedance signals for limbs and portions thereof to indicate fluid levels in the limbs and the portions thereof.

2. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein each of the first optical sensor and the second optical sensor is aligned with a window defined by the housing.

3. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the second surface has a recessed region, wherein the phonocardiogram sensor is coupled to the recessed region of the housing.

4. The stethoscope of claim 3 , wherein the recessed region defines a recess having at least one of a parabolic shape and a bell shape, and wherein the phonocardiogram sensor includes a microphone centrally located within the recess.

5. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the electrocardiogram sensor assembly is configured to obtain electrocardiogram data and send the electrocardiogram data to the controller.

6. The stethoscope of claim 5 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are contoured to correspond to shapes of the first groove and the second groove, respectively.

7. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the second surface of the housing defines a recessed region, and wherein the third electrode extends around the recessed region of the housing.

8. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the housing is elongated and flat, and wherein the first groove and the second groove are positioned along a longitudinal extent of the housing, the first groove configured to receive a finger from a first hand and the second groove configured to receive a finger from a second hand.

9. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein each of the first optical sensor and the second optical sensor includes an emitter and a detector.

10. The stethoscope of claim 9 , wherein each emitter is configured to emit infrared light.

11. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the electrocardiogram sensor assembly is configured to obtain electrocardiogram data and send the electrocardiogram data to the controller.

12. The stethoscope of claim 11 , wherein the controller is configured to determine physiological data from at least one of the photoplethysmogram data, the electrocardiogram data, and the phonocardiogram data, and wherein the physiological data includes at least one of blood pressure, pulse transit time, pulse velocity time, and body composition.

13. The stethoscope of claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to compare the physiological data to predefined values, and wherein the controller is configured to generate an alert notification when the physiological data is outside a predefined range.

14. The stethoscope of claim 11 , wherein the electrocardiogram data includes six lead electrocardiogram measurements.

15. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to measure an oxygen saturation level in response to the data received from the photoplethysmogram sensor assembly.

16. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to determine a pulse transit time and a pulse velocity time of a user in response to the data received from the photoplethysmogram sensor assembly.

17. The stethoscope of claim 1 , wherein the second surface defines a centrally located recessed region.

18. The stethoscope of claim 17 , wherein the phonocardiogram sensor includes a microphone coupled to the centrally located recessed region of the housing.

19. The stethoscope of claim 18 , wherein the microphone is centrally disposed within the centrally located recessed region.

20. The stethoscope of claim 1 , further comprising:

buttons on the housing, wherein the buttons correspond with activating a respective one of the photoplethysmogram sensor assembly, the phonocardiogram sensor, and the electrocardiogram sensor assembly.