Method and apparatus for rectifying degradation of photovoltaic module in photovoltaic power system

1. A photovoltaic power system comprising:

at least one photovoltaic module string, configured to convert solar energy into electric energy and output a direct current, and comprising at least one photovoltaic module;

an inverter circuit comprising a direct-current side connected to the at least one photovoltaic module string and configured to receive a direct current from the at least one photovoltaic module string, and

control circuitry configured to control at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module of the at least one photovoltaic module string in the photovoltaic power system to stop outputting, wherein the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module comprises one photovoltaic module or at least two serially-connected photovoltaic modules connected to the inverter circuit, and further configured to inject a rectification current into a positive or negative electrode of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module.

2. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 1 , wherein the rectification current is provided by using a direct current, an alternating current, or a current that alternates between the direct current and the alternating current.

3. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 2 , wherein in order to perform the injecting of the rectification current into the positive or negative electrode of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module, the control circuitry is further configured to:

determine a value of the rectification current for the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module and a length of a rectification time period of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; and

inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module based on the determined value of the rectification current and the determined length of the rectification time period.

4. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 3 , wherein the value of the rectification current is a specified value or changes dynamically.

5. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 4 , wherein when the rectification current is provided by the direct current, the value of the rectification current is determined by using the following formula: I 1 =a+bI 2 +cI 2 2 +dI 2 3 , wherein

I 1 is the value of the rectification current, I 2 is a sum of currents of other photovoltaic module strings that are connected to a same inverter circuit as the photovoltaic module string that includes the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic power system, a, b, c, and d are specified coefficients, and 50≥a≥5, 10≥b≥−10, 0.5≥c≥−0.5, and 0.1≥d≥−0.1.

6. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 4 , wherein when the rectification current is provided by the direct current and the value of the rectification current is the specified value, and a value range of the rectification current is 1-100 A.

7. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 4 , wherein when the rectification current is provided by the alternating current, a voltage range of the alternating current is 20-3000 V, a range of a valid current value of the alternating current is 1-100 A, and a period range of the alternating current is 2×10 −10 -2×10 3 s.

8. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 3 , wherein a range of the rectification time period is 0.1-100 h.

9. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 3 , wherein in order to perform the injecting of the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module based on the determined value of the rectification current and the determined length of the rectification time period, the control circuitry is further configured to:

control another photovoltaic module string connected to the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; or control a current of a converging module in the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to be injected into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; or control a direct-current side of the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; or

control a current on an alternating-current side of the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to be input into a rectifier circuit, and control an output end of the rectifier circuit to inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; or control an alternating-current side of the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; or

inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module by using an external power supply; or inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module by using a power device.

10. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 9 , wherein in order to perform the controlling of the current on the alternating-current side of the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to be input into the rectifier circuit, and the controlling of the output end of the rectifier circuit to inject the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module, the control circuitry is further configured to:

control the rectification current on the alternating-current side of the inverter circuit to which the at least one photovoltaic module string comprising the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module is connected, to be input into the rectifier circuit, adjust the rectification current input into the rectifier circuit, by adjusting voltage or power of the rectifier circuit, and control the output end of the rectifier circuit to inject the adjusted current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module.

11. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 9 , wherein in order to perform the injecting of the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module by using the external power supply, the control circuitry is further configured to:

apply voltage to the positive or negative electrode of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module by using the external power supply, so that the direct current or the alternating current is generated inside the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module.

12. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 9 , wherein in order to perform the injecting of the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module by using the power device, the control circuitry is further configured to:

applying power to the positive or negative electrode of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module by using the power device, so that the direct current or the alternating current is generated inside the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module.

13. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 3 , wherein the control circuitry of the photovoltaic power system is further configured to: determine current environment information, wherein the current environment information comprises at least one of an ambient temperature, a wind speed, and/or a solar light intensity; and adjusting the determined value of the rectification current and the determined length of the rectification time period based on the current environment information.

14. The photovoltaic power system according to claim 13 , wherein in order to perform the adjusting of the determined value of the rectification current and the determined length of the rectification time period based on the current environment information, the control circuitry is further configured to:

when the ambient temperature is greater than a specified temperature value or the wind speed is less than a specified wind speed value or the solar light intensity is greater than a specified light intensity value, decrease the current value of the rectification current or decrease the length of the rectification time period; or when the ambient temperature is less than a specified temperature value or the wind speed is greater than a specified wind speed value or the solar light intensity is less than a specified light intensity value, increase the current value of the rectification current or increase the length of the rectification time period.

15. A method for rectifying degradation of a photovoltaic module in a photovoltaic power system, the method comprising:

controlling at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic power system to stop outputting, wherein the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module comprises one photovoltaic module or at least two serially-connected photovoltaic modules connected to an inverter circuit; and

injecting a rectification current into a positive or negative electrode of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module.

16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the rectification current is provided by using a direct current, an alternating current, or a current that alternates between the direct current and the alternating current.

17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the injecting of the rectification current into the positive or negative electrode of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module comprises:

determining a value of the rectification current for the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module and a length of a rectification time period of the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module; and

injecting the rectification current into the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module based on the determined value of the rectification current and the determined length of the rectification time period.

18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the value of the rectification current is a specified value or changes dynamically.

19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein when the rectification current is provided by the direct current, the value of the rectification current is determined by using the following formula: I 1 =a+bI 2 +cI 2 2 +dI 2 3 , wherein

I 1 is the value of the rectification current, I 2 is a sum of currents of other photovoltaic module strings that are connected to a same inverter circuit as a photovoltaic module string that includes the at least one to-be-rectified photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic power system, a, b, c, and d are specified coefficients, and 50≥a≥5, 10≥b≥−10, 0.5≥c≥−0.5, and 0.1≥d≥−0.1.

20. The method according to claim 18 , wherein when the rectification current is provided by the direct current and the value of the rectification current is the specified value, and a value range of the rectification current is 1-100 A.