Sector-splitting multi-beam base station antennas having multiple beamforming networks per polarization
A sector-splitting base station antenna includes a plurality of RF ports, a plurality of columns of radiating elements, a first beamforming network that is coupled between a first subset of the RF ports and a first antenna array that comprises a first subset of the columns of radiating elements, and a second beamforming network that is coupled between a second subset of the RF ports and a second antenna array that comprises a second subset of the columns of radiating elements. The first beamforming network and the first antenna array are configured to generate a first plurality of antenna beams that provide coverage to a first side of a sector of a cell of a cellular communications system but not to a second side of the sector, and the second beamforming network and the second antenna array are configured to generate a second plurality of antenna beams that provide coverage to the second side of the sector but not to the first side of the sector.
1. A sector-splitting base station antenna, comprising:
a plurality of radio frequency (“RF”) ports;
a plurality of columns of radiating elements;
a first beamforming network that is coupled between a first subset of the RF ports and a first antenna array that comprises a first subset of the columns of radiating elements; and
a second beamforming network that is coupled between a second subset of the RF ports and a second antenna array that comprises a second subset of the columns of radiating elements,
wherein the first beamforming network and the first antenna array are configured to generate a first plurality of antenna beams that point in different directions in an azimuth plane to provide coverage to a first side of a sector of a cell of a cellular communications system but not to a second side of the sector, and
wherein the second beamforming network and the second antenna array are configured to generate a second plurality of antenna beams that point in different directions in the azimuth plane to provide coverage to the second side of the sector but not to the first side of the sector.
2. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein none of the columns of radiating elements in the first subset of the columns of radiating elements are also in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements.
3. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein some, but not all, of the columns of radiating elements in the first subset of the columns of radiating elements comprise shared columns of radiating elements that are also in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements.
4. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 3 , wherein the shared columns of radiating elements are in between the columns of radiating elements in the first subset of the columns of radiating elements that are not in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements and the columns of radiating elements in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements that are not in the first subset of the columns of radiating elements.
5. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein the first beamforming network comprises a first Butler Matrix that has six inputs and six outputs and the second beamforming network comprises a second Butler Matrix that has six inputs and six outputs.
6. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 5 , wherein at least some of the outputs of the first Butler Matrix are coupled to more than one of the columns of radiating elements.
7. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the columns of radiating elements in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements are positioned within a footprint of the first antenna array.
8. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein some, but not all, of the columns of radiating elements in the first subset of the columns of radiating elements are interlaced with respective ones of the columns of radiating elements in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements.
9. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein the sector-splitting base station antenna is configured to split the sector into a plurality of sub-sectors in the azimuth plane, and wherein the first plurality of antenna beams provide coverage to a first half of the sub-sectors and the second plurality of antenna beams provide coverage to a second half of the sub-sectors that is different from the first half.
10. A sector-splitting base station antenna, comprising:
a plurality of radio frequency (“RF”) ports;
a plurality of columns of radiating elements,
a first beamforming network that includes a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs; and
a second beamforming network that includes a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs,
wherein some of the inputs of the first beamforming network are coupled to respective ones of a first subset of the RF ports and a remainder of the inputs are coupled to respective matched terminations, and the outputs of the first beamforming network are coupled to a first subset of the columns of radiating elements.
11. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 10 , wherein some of the inputs of the second beamforming network are coupled to respective ones of a second subset of the RF ports and a remainder of the inputs are coupled to respective matched terminations, and the outputs of the second beamforming network are coupled to a second subset of the columns of radiating elements.
12. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 11 , wherein some, but not all, of the columns of radiating elements in the first subset of the columns of radiating elements comprise shared columns of radiating elements that are also in the second subset of the columns of radiating elements.
13. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 10 , wherein the sector-splitting base station antenna is configured to split a sector of a cell of a cellular communications system into a plurality of sub-sectors in the azimuth plane, and wherein the first beamforming network is configured to generate a first plurality of antenna beams that provide coverage to a first half of the sub-sectors that form a left side of the sector and the second beamforming network is configured to generate a second plurality of antenna beams that provide coverage to a second half of the sub-sectors that form a right side of the sector.
14. A sector-splitting base station antenna, comprising:
a plurality of radio frequency (“RF”) ports;
a first antenna array that includes a plurality of first columns of radiating elements;
a second antenna array that includes a plurality of second columns of radiating elements;
a first beamforming network that is coupled between a first subset of the RF ports and the first antenna array; and
a second beamforming network that is coupled between a second subset of the RF ports and the second antenna array,
wherein at least some of the first columns of radiating elements are within a footprint of the second antenna array, and at least some of the second columns of radiating elements are within a footprint of the second antenna array.
15. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 14 , wherein the four rightmost of the first columns are interlaced with the four leftmost of the second columns.
16. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 14 , wherein all of the first columns are interlaced with respective ones of the second columns.
17. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 16 , wherein each of the first columns is vertically aligned with a respective one of the second columns.
18. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 16 , wherein each of the first columns is horizontally staggered with respect to the respective one of the second columns with which it is interlaced.
19. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 14 , wherein the first beamforming network comprises a first Butler Matrix and the second beamforming network comprises a second Butler Matrix that has six inputs and six outputs.
20. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 19 , wherein at least some of the outputs of the first Butler Matrix are coupled to more than one of the first columns of radiating elements, and at least some of the outputs of the second Butler Matrix are coupled to more than one of the second columns of radiating elements.
21. The sector-splitting base station antenna of claim 19 , wherein the sector-splitting base station antenna is configured to split a sector of a cell of a cellular communication system into a plurality of sub-sectors in the azimuth plane, and wherein the first Butler Matrix and the first antenna array are configured to generate a first plurality of antenna beams that provide coverage to a first half of the sub-sectors and the second Butler Matrix and the second antenna array are configured to generate a second plurality of antenna beams that provide coverage to a remaining half of the sub-sectors.