DESIGN OF ACTIVE RESILIENT STRUCTURES
A systematic framework to design active resilient structures that simultaneously optimizes the characteristics of the system to yield an optimal solution in terms of robustness to external disturbance, uncertainty in structural properties, and structural faults. The proposed approach will yield a preferred or optimal solution as opposed to designing individual components of the complete system. The framework provides the preferred or optimal location and precision of heterogeneous sensors and stimuli-sensitive active actuators and the control law guiding these active actuators to control the resilient structure. The framework provides a systematic approach to designing active resilient structures by choosing the location of smart actuators/sensors to mitigate the unwanted effects of uncertain structural properties. The framework is the first systematic integration of thermally activated shape memory polymer actuators and their guiding law with a sensor distribution framework targeted to bring a damaged/disturbed structural system to its native state.
1 . A computer-implemented method for placing sensors and generating control parameters in an active resilient structure design, comprising:
receiving an initial design domain for a truss structure formed from a plurality of members connected by nodes, the initial design domain including one of i) feasible locations of sensors, ii) feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both;
iteratively solving a joint optimization problem of a control algorithm and one of i) the feasible locations of sensors, ii) the feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both, by repeatedly solving for i) the feasible location of sensors, ii) topology, iii) geometry, or iv) a combination thereof, until reaching one of i) a predefined number of stimuli sensitive actuators, ii) a predefined number of sensors, iii) a predefined cost of the truss structure, iv) a predefined computational performance or v) a combination thereof; and
producing a design workflow to generate one or more designs of a part to comply with a solution to the joint optimization problem that produces an active resilient structure with the feasible location of sensors and stimuli sensitive actuators and parameters for the control algorithm.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the truss structure includes an upper limit on number of stimuli sensitive actuators.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the truss structure includes an upper limit on number of sensors.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the truss structure includes i) all feasible locations of sensors, ii) all feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the predefined cost of the structure includes one of i) a total mass of the structure ii) a total volume of the structure iii) a total cost of sensors iv) a total cost of stimuli sensitive actuators, v) a total monetary cost of the structure, or vi) a combination thereof.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the stimuli sensitive actuators are one of i) shape-memory polymers (SMP) actuators, ii) shape-memory alloy (SMA), or both.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the iteratively solving the joint optimization problem results in simultaneous solutions for the control algorithm and the feasible locations of sensors to gather maximum information of the active resilient structure and the control algorithm to neutralize a change due to one of i) uncertainty in properties of the active resilient structure, ii) faults in the active resilient structure, or iii) both.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein iteratively solving the joint optimization problem results in simultaneous solutions for the control algorithm and the feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators to actively control the active resilient structure and the control algorithm to neutralize a change due to one of i) uncertainty in properties of the active resilient structure, ii) faults in the active resilient structure, or iii) both.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein iteratively solving the joint optimization problem results in simultaneous solutions for the control algorithm and the feasible locations of sensors to gather maximum information of the active resilient structure and the control algorithm to neutralize a change due to one of i) an uncertainty in environmental conditions of the active resilient structure, ii) an external disturbances to the active resilient structure, or iii) both.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein iteratively solving the joint optimization problem results in simultaneous solutions for the control algorithm and the feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators to actively control the active resilient structure and the control algorithm to neutralize a change due to one of i) an uncertainty in environmental conditions of the active resilient structure, ii) an external disturbances to the active resilient structure, or iii) both.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the active resilient structure, includes receiving the initial design domain with one of i) loading conditions, ii) boundary conditions, iii) initial conditions, or iv) a combination thereof.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the active resilient structure, includes receiving the initial design domain with one of i) a node displacement performance bound, ii) a node position performance bound, iii) a node velocity performance bound, or iv) a combination thereof.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the active resilient structure, includes receiving one of i) a minimum bound for covariance of a node, ii) a maximum bound for the covariance of the node, or ii) both, in order to transform one or more characteristics of the active resilient structure towards a passive resilient structure.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the active resilient structure, includes receiving the initial design domain with a force output of one or more stimuli sensitive actuators, and wherein the producing the design workflow to generate one or more designs of the part includes using the force output to produce the design workflow to provide self-reconfiguring of the active resilient structure.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the producing the design workflow to generate one or more designs of the part includes producing the design workflow to use additive manufacturing to form one or more of the stimuli sensitive actuators.
16 . A computer-implemented method for placing stimuli sensitive actuators generating control parameters in an active resilient structure design, comprising:
receiving an initial design domain for a truss structure formed from a plurality of members connected by nodes, the initial design domain including one of i) feasible locations of sensors, ii) feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both;
iteratively solving a joint optimization problem of a control algorithm and one of i) the feasible locations of sensors, ii) the feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both, by repeatedly solving for i) the location of stimuli sensitive actuators, ii) topology, iii) geometry, or iv) a combination thereof, until reaching one of i) a predefined number of stimuli sensitive actuators, ii) a predefined number of sensors, iii) a predefined cost of the truss structure, iv) a predefined computational performance or v) a combination thereof, and
producing a design workflow to generate one or more designs of a part to comply with a solution to the joint optimization problem that produces an active resilient structure with the location of sensors and stimuli sensitive actuators and parameters for the control algorithm.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the truss structure includes an upper limit on number of stimuli sensitive actuators.
18 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the truss structure includes an upper limit on number of sensors.
19 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the receiving the initial design domain for the truss structure includes i) all feasible locations of sensors, ii) all feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both.
20 . A computer-implemented method for placing sensors and stimuli sensitive actuators generating control parameters in an active resilient structure design, comprising:
receiving an initial design domain for a truss structure formed from a plurality of members connected by nodes, the initial design domain including one of i) feasible locations of sensors, ii) feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both;
iteratively solving a joint optimization problem of a control algorithm and one of i) the feasible locations of sensors, ii) the feasible locations of stimuli sensitive actuators, or iii) both, by repeatedly solving for i) the location of sensors, ii) the location of stimuli sensitive actuators, iii) topology iv) geometry, or v) a combination thereof, until reaching one of i) a predefined number of stimuli sensitive actuators, ii) a predefined number of sensors, iii) a predefined cost of the truss structure, iv) a predefined computational performance or v) a combination thereof; and
producing a design workflow to generate one or more designs of a part to comply with a solution to the joint optimization problem that produces an active resilient structure with the location of sensors and stimuli sensitive actuators and parameters for the control algorithm.