LIDAR WINDOW BLOCKAGE AND NEARFIELD OBJECT DETECTION

1 . A system, comprising:

a light source configured to emit light;

a scanner configured to scan the emitted light through a window at a first range of azimuth angles and a first range of elevation angles;

a first detector positioned to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a target located downrange from the system;

a second detector positioned to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a window obscurant on the window;

a third detector positioned to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a close obscurant located within a distance range that is between a minimum detection distance associated with the first detector and a maximum detection distance associated with the second detector; and

a processor configured to determine whether an obscurant located closer to the window than the minimum detection distance associated with the first detector is detected based on one or more signal properties of the second detector and one or more signal properties of the third detector.

2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to compare at least some of the one or more signal properties of the second detector and at least some of the one or more signal properties of the third detector to determine whether the detected obscurant is located on the window or in front of the window.

3 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the processor is configured to:

in response to determining that the detected obscurant is located on the window, initiate a cleaning process of the window.

4 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the processor is configured to:

in response to determining that the detected obscurant is located in front of the window, turn off or reduce a power of the light source for at least a predetermined period of time.

5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the scanner is configured to:

scan the emitted light through the window to form a plurality of over-scanning rays to cover an over-scanning area at an additional second range of azimuth angles outside the first range of azimuth angles and an additional second range of elevation angles outside the first range of elevation angles.

6 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the over-scanning area comprises an area in a cumulated receive aperture that is not covered by a corresponding cumulated transmit aperture, wherein the cumulated transmit aperture comprises a geometric locus of intersections of a plurality of outgoing light rays with the window, and wherein the cumulated receive aperture comprises a geometric locus of a plurality of incoming returns from the target located downrange from the system.

7 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the processor is configured to:

stop monitoring of signal properties of the first detector corresponding to returns of the plurality of over-scanning rays from the target located downrange from the system.

8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more signal properties of the second detector comprise a range metric of the second detector and an energy metric of the second detector, and wherein the one or more signal properties of the third detector comprise a range metric of the third detector and an energy metric of the third detector.

9 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to:

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is greater than the energy metric of the third detector, determine whether the energy metric of the second detector is equal to or above a predefined energy threshold for the second detector;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is equal to or above the predefined energy threshold for the second detector, determine that the detected obscurant is located on the window and determine a blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is below the predefined energy threshold for the second detector, determine whether the range metric of the second detector is below a predetermined range threshold for the second detector;

in response to determining that the range metric of the second detector is below the predetermined range threshold for the second detector, determine that the detected obscurant is located on the window and determine the blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant; and

in response to determining that the range metric of the second detector is equal to or above the predetermined range threshold for the second detector, determine that no obscurant is detected.

10 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to:

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is equal to or less than the energy metric of the third detector, determine whether the energy metric of the third detector is equal to or above a predefined energy threshold for the third detector;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the third detector is equal to or above the predefined energy threshold for the third detector, determine that the detected obscurant is located in front of the window and determine a blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the third detector is below the predefined energy threshold for the third detector, determine whether the range metric of the third detector is below a predetermined range threshold for the third detector;

in response to determining that the range metric of the third detector is below the predetermined range threshold for the third detector, determine that the detected obscurant is located in front of the window and determine the blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant; and

in response to determining that the range metric of the third detector is equal to or above the predetermined range threshold for the third detector, determine that no obscurant is detected.

11 . A method, comprising:

emitting light from a light source of a system;

scanning, by a scanner, the emitted light through a window at a first range of azimuth angles and a first range of elevation angles;

positioning a first detector to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a target located downrange from the system;

positioning a second detector to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a window obscurant on the window;

positioning a third detector to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a close obscurant located within a distance range that is between a minimum detection distance associated with the first detector and a maximum detection distance associated with the second detector; and

determining, using a processor, whether an obscurant located closer to the window than the minimum detection distance associated with the first detector is detected based on one or more signal properties of the second detector and one or more signal properties of the third detector.

12 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

comparing at least some of the one or more signal properties of the second detector and at least some of the one or more signal properties of the third detector to determine whether the detected obscurant is located on the window or in front of the window.

13 . The method of claim 12 , further comprising:

in response to determining that the detected obscurant is located on the window, initiating a cleaning process of the window.

14 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

scanning the emitted light through the window to form a plurality of over-scanning rays to cover an over-scanning area at an additional second range of azimuth angles outside the first range of azimuth angles and an additional second range of elevation angles outside the first range of elevation angles.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the over-scanning area comprises an area in a cumulated receive aperture that is not covered by a corresponding cumulated transmit aperture, wherein the cumulated transmit aperture comprises a geometric locus of intersections of a plurality of outgoing light rays with the window, and wherein the cumulated receive aperture comprises a geometric locus of a plurality of incoming returns from the target located downrange from the system.

16 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:

stopping monitoring signal properties of the first detector corresponding to returns of the plurality of over-scanning rays from the target located downrange from the system.

17 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more signal properties of the second detector comprise a range metric of the second detector and an energy metric of the second detector, and wherein the one or more signal properties of the third detector comprise a range metric of the third detector and an energy metric of the third detector.

18 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is greater than the energy metric of the third detector, determining whether the energy metric of the second detector is equal to or above a predefined energy threshold for the second detector;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is equal to or above the predefined energy threshold for the second detector, determining that the detected obscurant is located on the window and determining a blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is below the predefined energy threshold for the second detector, determining whether the range metric of the second detector is below a predetermined range threshold for the second detector;

in response to determining that the range metric of the second detector is below the predetermined range threshold for the second detector, determining that the detected obscurant is located on the window and determining the blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant; and

in response to determining that the range metric of the second detector is equal to or above the predetermined range threshold for the second detector, determining that no obscurant is detected.

19 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:

in response to determining that the energy metric of the second detector is equal to or less than the energy metric of the third detector, determining whether the energy metric of the third detector is equal to or above a predefined energy threshold for the third detector;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the third detector is equal to or above the predefined energy threshold for the third detector, determining that the detected obscurant is located in front of the window and determining a blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant;

in response to determining that the energy metric of the third detector is below the predefined energy threshold for the third detector, determining whether the range metric of the third detector is below a predetermined range threshold for the third detector;

in response to determining that the range metric of the third detector is below the predetermined range threshold for the third detector, determining that the detected obscurant is located in front of the window and determining the blockage severity level associated with the detected obscurant; and

in response to determining that the range metric of the third detector is equal to or above the predetermined range threshold for the third detector, determining that no obscurant is detected.

20 . A system, comprising:

a processor configured to:

determine one or more signal properties of a second detector and one or more signal properties of a third detector, wherein a first detector is positioned to receive at least a portion of emitted light scattered by a target located downrange from the system, and wherein the second detector is positioned to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a window obscurant on a window, and wherein the third detector is positioned to receive at least a portion of the emitted light scattered by a close obscurant located within a distance range that is between a minimum detection distance associated with the first detector and a maximum detection distance associated with the second detector, wherein the emitted light is emitted by a light source, and wherein the emitted light is scanned through the window at a first range of azimuth angles and a first range of elevation angles by a scanner; and

use the determined one or more signal properties of the second detector and the one or more signal properties of the third detector to determine whether an obscurant located closer to the window than the minimum detection distance associated with the first detector is detected; and

a memory coupled to the processor and configured to provide the processor with instructions.