Glycosylated modified primate lentivirus envelope polypeptides
A modified polypeptide corresponding to an envelope glycoprotein of a primate lentivirus is described. The polypeptide has been modified from the wild-type structure so that it has at least two of the glycosylation sites proximal to the CD4 binding site or chemokine receptor site altered so that the alteration prevents glycosylation at that site or where glycosylation sites distal to these sites have been derivatized with a molecular adjuvant, while retaining the overall 3-dimensional structure of a discontinuous conserved epitope of the wild-type protein. Preferably, the polypeptide has both changes. Preferably, the primate lentivirus is HIV, and the protein is HIV-1 gp 120.
1. A modified gp 120 polypeptide comprising modifications in at least two conserved regions of an envelope protein selected from a primate lentivirus, wherein at least two of the four glycosylation sites in theses regions proximal to the CD4 binding site or CCR5 or CXCR4 chemokine receptor binding site have been altered, wherein the glycosylation sites are selected from the group of amino acids that correspond to positions 197, 276, 301 and 386 of HIV-1 strain HXBc2, wherein the alteration prevents glycosylation at said sites, and wherein the modified polypeptide maintains the overall 3-dimensional structure of a discontinuous conserved epitope of the wild-type gp 120, wherein the discontinuous conserved epitope is a CD4bs epitope or a CD4i epitope, and wherein the gp 120 protein is selected from the group consisting of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV.
2. A modified gp 120 polypeptide comprising modifications in at least two conserved regions of an envelope protein selected from a primate lentivirus, wherein at least two of the four glycosylation sites in these regions proximal to the CD4 binding site or CCR5 or CXCR4 chemokine receptor binding site have been altered, wherein the alteration prevents glycosylation at said sites, and wherein the modified polypeptide maintains the overall 3-dimensional structure of a discontinuous conserved epitope of the wild-type gp 120, wherein the discontinuous conserved epitope is a CD4bs epitope or a CD4i epitope, wherein the gp 120 protein is HIV-1 and the glycosylation sites are selected from the group of amino acids that correspond to positions 197, 276, 301 and 386 of HIV-1 strain HXBc2.
3. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claimed 2 , wherein the gp 120 polypeptide further contains at least one of the following changes relative to the wild-type to gp 120 protein:
(a) introduction of disulfide bonds;
(b) filling a cavity of the gp 120 protein with hydrophobic amino acid residues;
(c) introducing a Pro residue at a defined turn structure; or
(d) increasing the hydrophobicity across the interface between the gp 120 domains.
4. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 3 , wherein the polypeptide further contains at least one pan-reactive T-cell helper epitopes.
5. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claims 2 or 3 , wherein one of the glycosylation sites that have been altered corresponds to position 301 of HIV-1 strain HXBc2.
6. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claims 2 or 3 , wherein all four of the glycosylation sites have been altered.
7. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide further contains at least one pan-reactive T-cell helper epitopes.
8. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 3 , wherein the cavity of the gp 120 protein with hydrophobic amino acid residues corresponds to position Phe43 of HIV-1 strain HXBc2.
9. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 3 , wherein the defined turn structure is located at loops selected from the group consisting of V1/V2, V3, V4, V5, £A, £C, and £E loops.
10. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 3 , wherein the gp 120 domains are selected from the inner domain, the outer domain and the bridging domain.
11. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein at least two conserved regions of an envelope protein are present.
12. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 11 , wherein the gp 120 protein is the HIV-1 gp 120.
13. The modified gp 120 polypeptide of claim 11 , wherein exposure of the CD4 binding site is increased by deletions of the group of regions consisting of portions of variable region 1, variable region 2, constant region 1 and constant region 5.