Qualitative differential screening
The invention concerns a method for identifying and/or cloning nucleic acid regions representing qualitative differences associated with alternative splicing events and/or with insertions, deletions located in RNA transcribed genome regions, between two physiological situations, comprising either hybridization of RNA derived from the test situation with cDNA's derived from the reference situation and/or reciprocally, or double-strand hybridization of cDNA derived from the test situation with cDNA's derived from the reference situation; and identifying and/or cloning nucleic acids representing qualitative differences. The invention also concerns compositions or banks of nucleic acids representing qualitative differences between two physiological situations, obtainable by the above method, and their use as probe, for identifying genes or molecules of interest, or still for example in methods of pharmacogenomics, and profiling of molecules relative to their therapeutic and/or toxic effects. The invention further concerns the use of dysregulation of splicing RNA as markers for predicting molecule toxicity and/or efficacy, and as markers in pharmacogenomics.
1. A device for identifying at least one differentially spliced gene product, wherein said device comprises
a solid support material and single-stranded oligonucleotides of between 5 and 100 nucleotides in length attached to said support material,
wherein said oligonucleotides comprise at least a first and a second oligonucleotide molecule arranged serially on the support material,
wherein said first oligonucleotide molecule comprises a first sequence that is complementary to and specific for an exon or an intron of a first gene, and wherein said first sequence corresponds to a region of variability in at least one product of said first gene due to differential splicing, and
wherein said second oligonucleotide molecule comprises a second sequence that is complementary to and specific for an exon-exon or exon-intron junction region of said first gene, and wherein said second sequence corresponds to a region of variability in at least one product of said first gene due to differential splicing,
said device allowing, when contacted with a sample containing at least one nucleic acid molecule under conditions allowing hybridisation to occur, the determination of the presence or absence of said differentially spliced gene product.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein said first and second oliponucleotide molecules are available from a compilation of published sequences or sequence information from at least one database.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the support material is selected from the group consisting of a filter, a membrane and a chip.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are RNA or DNA molecules.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides comprise oligonucleotides of less than 50 nucleotides in length.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are specific for alternative splicings representative of a cell or tissue in a given pathological condition.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are specific for alternative splicings representative of a tumor cell or tissue.
8. The device of claim 6 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are specific for alternative splicings representative of a cell or tissue undergoing apoptosis.
9. The device of claim 1 , where said device is useful to evaluate the toxicity of a compound or treatment to a cell, tissue, or organism by determining the presence or absence of said differentially spliced gene product in a sample treated with said compound or treatment.
10. The device of claim 1 , where said device is useful to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a compound to a cell, tissue, or organism by determining the presence or absence of said differentially spliced gene product in a sample from said cell, tissue, or organism.
11. The device of claim 1 , where said device is useful to evaluate the responsiveness of a subject to a compound or treatment by determining the presence or absence of said differentially spliced gene product in a sample from said subject exposed to said compound or treatment.
12. A method of producing a device comprising a support material and single-stranded oligonucleotide of between 5 and 100 nucleotides in length attached to said solid support material, wherein said method comprises:
(a) providing said oligonucleotides, wherein said oligonucleotides comprise at least a first and a second oligonucleotide molecule,
wherein said first oligonucleotide molecule comprises a first sequence that is complementary to and specific for an exon or an intron of a first gene, and wherein said first sequence corresponds to a region of variability in at least one product of said first gene due to differential splicing, and
wherein said second oligonucleotide molecule comprises a second sequence that is complementary to and specific for an exon-exon or exon-intron junction region of said first gene, and wherein said second sequence corresponds to a region of variability in at least one product of said first gene due to differential splicing; and
(b) arranging and immobilizing said oligonucleotides serially on said support material,
said device allowing, when contacted with a sample containing at least one nucleic acid molecule under conditions allowing hybridisation to occur, the determination of the presence or absence of at least one differentially spliced gene product.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said first or second oligonucleotide molecule is obtained by a method comprising:
(a) identifying at least two different oligonucleotides corresponding to a differentially spliced domain of a gene, wherein said differentially spliced domain is characteristic of a physiopathological condition, and
(b) synthesizing one or several single-stranded oligonucleotides complementary to and specific for said domain or a junction region formed by the splicing or absence of splicing of said domain.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the identification step (a) comprises:
i) hybridizing a plurality of different RNA or cDNA molecules derived from a first sample, wherein the composition or sequence of the RNA or cDNA molecules is at least partially unknown, with a plurality of different cDNA molecules derived from RNA molecules of a second sample, wherein the composition or sequence of the cDNA molecules is at least partially unknown; and
ii) identifying, from the hybrids formed in i), a population of nucleic acid molecules comprising an unpaired region, wherein said unpaired region corresponds to a region of a gene that is differentially spliced between said first and second sample.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein said first and second oligonucleotide molecules are obtained from a compilation of published sequences or sequence information from databases.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the support material is selected from a filter, a membrane, and a chip.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are specific for alternative splicings representative of a cell or tissue in a given pathological condition.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are specific for alternative splicings representative of a tumor cell or tissue.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides are specific for alternative splicings representative of a cell or tissue undergoing apoptosis.
20. The method of claim 12 , wherein said single-stranded oligonucleotides comprise oligonucleotides of less than 50 nucleotides in length.
21. The device of claim 1 , wherein said device allows the determination of the presence or absence of two or more differentially spliced gene products of said first gene.
22. The device of claim 1 , wherein said device allows the determination of the presence or absence of one or more differentially spliced gene products of two or more genes.