Dry-cleaning article, composition and methods
An organic solvent-based dry cleaning composition, method and articles incorporating the same that are suitable for use in drying machines, such as hot air drying machines found in households, apartments, and laundromats, which are normally adapted to dry wet garments and the like from a washing machine. The composition includes at least one organic solvent and water, with the at least one organic solvent forming the greatest weight percentage of the active components in the composition. In some embodiments, the composition may also include at least one surfactant, emulsifier, perfume, and/or application-specific stain remover.
1. A dry-cleaning article for use in a drying machine, the dry-cleaning article comprising:
a carrier adapted to receive and selectively dispense a dry-cleaning composition to garments as the garments are tumbled with heated air in a drying machine; and
a dry-cleaning composition received by the carrier, wherein the dry-cleaning composition includes active components comprising water and organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes at least one organic solvent that forms the greatest individual percentage by weight of the active components and is selected from the group consisting of at least one of paraffins, olefins, acetylenes, siloxanes, acetates, chloro-fluorocarbons, and mixtures thereof.
2. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic solvent includes at least one paraffin.
3. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic solvent is includes at least one siloxane.
4. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic solvent is non-toxic and non-carcinogenic in the concentration present in the composition.
5. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic solvent forms the greatest individual percentage by weight of all of the components in the composition.
6. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic solvent forms at least 50% by weight of the active components of the composition.
7. The dry-cleaning article of claim 6 , wherein the at least one organic solvent forms at least 50% by weight of the composition.
8. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the water constitutes no more than 45% by weight of the active components of the composition.
9. The dry-cleaning article of claim 8 , wherein the water constitutes no more than 45% by weight of all of the components of the composition.
10. The dry-cleaning article of claim 8 , wherein the water constitutes no more than 40% by weight of the active components of the composition.
11. The dry-cleaning article of claim 10 , wherein the water constitutes no more than 40% by weight of all of the components of the composition.
12. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the active components further include at least one emulsifier.
13. The dry-cleaning article of claim 12 , wherein the at least one emulsifier includes a nonionic component and an anionic component.
14. The dry-cleaning article of claim 13 , wherein the at least one emulsifier includes a greater concentration of the nonionic component than the anionic component.
15. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the active components further include at least one surfactant.
16. The dry-cleaning article of claim 15 , wherein the at least one surfactant includes a fluorosurfactant.
17. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 150° F.
18. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 170° F.
19. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
20. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 232° F.
21. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the article is adapted for use in a drying machine having a maximum operating temperature and the composition has a flashpoint greater than the maximum operating temperature of the drying machine.
22. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the article is adapted for use in a household-type drying machine.
23. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the article is adapted for use in a non-pressurized drying machine normally adapted to dry wet garments from a washing machine.
24. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the article includes a fluid-impermeable container housing the carrier and the composition.
25. The dry-cleaning article of claim 24 , wherein the carrier is an absorbent carrier and the dry-cleaning composition is permeated in the carrier.
26. The dry-cleaning article of claim 24 , wherein the carrier is a sheet.
27. The dry-cleaning article of claim 26 , wherein the sheet includes a plurality of slits.
28. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the article further includes at least one application-specific composition that is received and selectively dispensed by the carrier.
29. The dry-cleaning article of claim 28 , wherein the at least one application-specific composition is received by the carrier separate from the dry-cleaning composition.
30. The dry-cleaning article of claim 29 , wherein the carrier includes an impermeable layer separating the at least one application-specific composition and the dry-cleaning composition.
31. The dry-cleaning article of claim 29 , wherein the carrier is adapted to prevent mixing of the dry-cleaning composition and the at least one application-specific composition.
32. The dry-cleaning article of claim 29 , wherein the application-specific composition is adapted to remove at least one of food stains, wine stains, inkstains and rust.
33. A dry-cleaning composition adapted for use in a drying machine, the dry-cleaning composition comprising:
at least one organic solvent having a primary component selected from the group consisting of paraffins, siloxanes, and mixtures thereof, wherein the at least one organic solvent is nontoxic and non-carcinogenic in then concentration present in the composition, wherein the composition is adapted for use in heated air in a household-type drying machine, and further wherein the at least one organic solvent forms the greatest individual percentage by weight of the composition;
water; and
at least one emulsifier.
34. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the at least one organic solvent forms at least 50% by weight of the composition.
35. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is permeated into an absorbent material.
36. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition is received into and selectively dispensed by a non-absorbent container.
37. A method for cleaning garments, the method comprising:
placing at least one garment to be dry-cleaned and a dry-cleaning composition in a drying machine normally adapted for drying wet garments from a washing machine, wherein the dry-cleaning composition comprises:
at least one organic solvent; and
water, wherein the at least one organic solvent forms the greatest individual weight percentage of the dry-cleaning composition; and
tumbling the at least one garment and the dry-cleaning composition in the drying machine in heated air generated by the machine such that the at least one garment and the composition are exposed to the heated air during the tumbling step.
38. The method of claim 37 , wherein the at least one organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of paraffins, olefins, acetylenes, siloxanes, acetates, chloro-fluorocarbons, glycols and mixtures thereof.
39. The method of claim 37 , wherein the at least one organic solvent forms at least 50% by weight of the composition.
40. The method of claim 37 , wherein the drying machine is a household-type drying machine.
41. The method of claim 37 , wherein the drying machine is a nonpressurized drying machine.
42. The method of claim 41 , wherein the composition is permeated into an absorbent material and the placing step includes placing the at least one garment and the absorbent material permeated with the composition in the drying machine.
43. The method of claim 42 , wherein in the drying machine the absorbent material and the at least one garment may tumble freely with each other.
44. The method of claim 42 , wherein prior to tumbling the at least one garment and the absorbent material in the heated air in the drying machine, the method further includes placing the at least one garment and the absorbent material into an air-permeable container through which the heated air may freely flow.
45. The dry-cleaning article of claim 2 , wherein the composition further includes at least one fluorosurfactant.
46. The dry-cleaning article of claim 3 , wherein the composition further includes at least one fluorosurfactant.
47. The dry-cleaning article of claim 2 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
48. The dry-cleaning article of claim 3 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
49. The dry-cleaning article of claim 16 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
50. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the water constitutes no more than 25% by weight of the active components of the composition.
51. The dry-cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the water constitutes no more than 25% by weight of all of the components of the composition.
52. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition includes at least one fluorosurfactant.
53. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 52 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
54. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
55. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition includes a binder adapted to form the composition into a solid article.
56. The dry-cleaning composition of claim 33 , wherein the composition includes a gelling agent.
57. The method of claim 37 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
58. The method of claim 38 , wherein the at least one organic solvent includes at least one paraffin, siloxane, or mixtures thereof.
59. The method of claim 37 , wherein the composition further includes at least one fluorosurfactant.
60. The method of claim 37 , wherein the composition further includes at least one emulsifier and/or surfactant.
61. The method of claim 37 , wherein the at least one garment is not suitable for laundering in a household washing machine.
62. The method of claim 37 , wherein the composition further comprises a binder adapted to form the composition into a solid article.
63. The method of claim 37 , wherein the composition further includes a gelling agent.
64. The method of claim 37 , wherein the composition further includes fastening the composition to a compartment within the drying machine.
65. The method of claim 37 , wherein the water comprises no more than 45% by weight of the composition.
66. A dry-cleaning article for use in a drying machine, the dry-cleaning article comprising:
a dry-cleaning composition, wherein the dry-cleaning composition includes, active components comprising water and at least one organic solvent, and further wherein the at least one organic solvent forms the greatest individual percentage by weight of the active components; and
a binder adapted to form a solid article from the composition.
67. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the binder includes a gelling agent.
68. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the at least one organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of paraffins, olefins, acetylenes, siloxanes, acetates, chloro-fluorocarbons, glycols and mixtures thereof.
69. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the at least one organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of paraffins, olefins, acetylenes, siloxanes, acetates, chloro-fluorocarbons and mixtures thereof.
70. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the at least one organic solvent includes at least one paraffin as a primary component.
71. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the at least one organic solvent includes at least one siloxane.
72. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the composition includes an emulsifier.
73. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the composition includes at least one fluorosurfactant.
74. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the composition has a flashpoint greater than 200° F.
75. The dry-cleaning article of claim 66 , wherein the composition is non-toxic and non-carcinogenic in the concentration present in the composition.