Products produced form rapid thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks
The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock that utilizes a short residence pyrolytic reactor operating under conditions that cracks and chemically upgrades the feedstock. The process of the present invention provides for the preparation of a partially upgraded feedstock exhibiting reduced viscosity and increased API gravity. This process selectively removes metals, salts, water and nitrogen from the feedstock, while at the same time maximizes the yield of the liquid product, and minimizes coke and gas production. Furthermore, this process reduces the viscosity of the feedstock in order to permit pipeline transport, if desired, of the upgraded feedstock with little or no addition of diluents. The method for upgrading a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock comprises introducing a particulate heat carrier into an upflow reactor, introducing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock into the upflow reactor at a location above that of the particulate heat carrier so that a loading ratio of the particulate heat carrier to feedstock is from about 15:1 to about 200:1, allowing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to interact with the heat carrier with a residence time of less than about 1 second, to produce a product stream, separating the product stream from the particulate heat carrier, regenerating the particulate heat carrier, and collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream. This invention also pertains to the products produced by the method.
1. A method of producing a vacuum gas oil (VGO), consisting of:
I) upgrading bitumen by a method comprising:
i) providing a particulate heat carrier into an upflow reactor;
ii) introducing bitumen into the upflow reactor at at least one location above that of the particulate heat carrier so that a loading ratio of the particulate heat carrier to bitumen is from about 10:1 to about 200:1, wherein the upflow reactor is run at a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 700° C.;
iii) allowing bitumen to interact with the heat carrier with a residence time of less than about 5 seconds, to produce a product stream;
iv) separating the product stream from the particulate heat carrier;
v) regenerating the particulate heat carrier; and
vi) collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream, and
II) isolating the VGO from the liquid product.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step ii, the loading ratio is from about 20:1 to about 30:1.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step iii, the product stream of a first pyrolysis run is separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, the light fraction is collected from the product stream, and the heavy fraction is recycled back into the upflow reactor for further processing within a second pyrolysis run to produce a second product stream.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the further processing includes mixing the heavier fraction with the particulate heat carrier, wherein the particulate heat carrier of the second pyrolysis run is at a temperature at about, or above, that used in the processing of bitumen within the first pyrolysis run.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the heavier fraction is added to unprocessed bitumen prior to being introduced into the upflow reactor for the second pyrolysis run.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the temperature of the upflow reactor within the first pyrolysis run is from about 300° C. to about 590° C., and the temperature of the upflow reactor within the second pyrolysis run is from about 530° C. to about 700° C., and wherein the residence time of the second pyrolysis run is the same as, or longer than, the residence time of the first pyrolysis run.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the particulate heat carrier is separated from the second product stream, and a second product is collected from the second product stream.
8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the product stream of the first pyrolysis run is treated within a hot condenser prior to recovery of the light fraction and the heavy fraction.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VGO is characterized as comprising a measured aniline point from about 110° F. to about 170° F., wherein the measured aniline point is lower than a calculated aniline point.
10. A method of producing a vacuum gas oil (VGO), comprising:
I) upgrading bitumen, by a method comprising:
i) providing a particulate heat carrier into an upflow reactor;
ii) introducing bitumen into the upflow reactor at at least one location above that of the particulate heat carrier so that a loading ratio of the particulate heat carrier to bitumen is from about 10:1 to about 200:1, wherein the upflow reactor is run at a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 700° C.;
iii) allowing bitumen to interact with the heat carrier with a residence time of less than about 5 seconds, to produce a product stream;
iv) separating the product stream from the particulate heat carrier;
v) regenerating the particulate heat carrier; and
vi) collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream; and
II) isolating the VGO from the liquid product.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein in step ii, the loading ratio is from about 20:1 to about 30:1.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein in step iii, the product stream of a first pyrolysis run is separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, the light fraction is collected from the product stream, and the heavy fraction is recycled back into the upflow reactor for further processing within a second pyrolysis run to produce a second product stream.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the further processing includes mixing the heavier fraction with the particulate heat carrier, wherein the particulate heat carrier of the second pyrolysis run is at a temperature at about, or above, that used in the processing of bitumen within the first pyrolysis run.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the heavier fraction is added to unprocessed bitumen prior to being introduced into the upflow reactor for the second pyrolysis run.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the temperature of the upflow reactor within the first pyrolysis run is from about 300° C. to about 590° C., and the temperature of the upflow reactor within the second pyrolysis run is from about 530° C. to about 700° C., and wherein the residence time of the second pyrolysis run is the same as, or longer than, the residence time of the first pyrolysis run.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the particulate heat carrier is separated from the second product stream, and a second product is collected from the second product stream.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the product stream of the first pyrolysis run is treated within a hot condenser prior to recovery of the light fraction and the heavy fraction.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the VGO is characterized as comprising a measured aniline point from about 110° F. to about 170° F., wherein the measured aniline point is lower than a calculated aniline point.
19. A method of producing a vacuum gas oil (VGO), consisting of:
I) upgrading bitumen by a method comprising:
i) providing a particulate heat carrier into an upflow reactor, wherein the loading ratio of the particulate heat carrier to bitumen is from about 10:1 to about 200:1, and wherein the upflow reactor is run at a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 700° C.;
ii) allowing bitumen to interact with the heat carrier with a residence time of less than about 5 seconds, to produce a product stream;
iii) collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream;
II) transporting the liquid product; and
III) isolating the VGO from the liquid product.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein in step ii, the loading ratio is from about 20:1 to about 30:1.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein in step iii, the product stream of a first pyrolysis run is separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, the light fraction is collected from the product stream, and the heavy fraction is recycled back into the upflow reactor for further processing within a second pyrolysis run to produce a second product stream.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the further processing includes mixing the heavier fraction with the particulate heat carrier, wherein the particulate heat carrier of the second pyrolysis run is at a temperature at about, or above, that used in the processing of bitumen within the first pyrolysis run.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the heavier fraction is added to unprocessed bitumen prior to being introduced into the upflow reactor for the second pyrolysis run.
24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the temperature of the upflow reactor within the first pyrolysis run is from about 300° C. to about 590° C., and the temperature of the upflow reactor within the second pyrolysis run is from about 530° C. to about 700° C., and wherein the residence time of the second pyrolysis run is the same as, or longer than, the residence time of the first pyrolysis run.
25. The method of claim 22 , wherein the particulate heat carrier is separated from the second product stream, and a second product is collected from the second product stream.
26. The method of claim 21 , wherein the product stream of the first pyrolysis run is treated within a hot condenser prior to recovery of the light fraction and the heavy fraction.
27. The method of claim 19 , wherein the VGO is characterized as comprising a measured aniline point from about 110° F. to about 170° F., wherein the measured aniline point is lower than a calculated aniline point.
28. The method of claim 19 , wherein the upgrading step further comprises introducing bitumen into the upflow reactor at at least one location above that of the particulate heat carrier so that a loading ratio of the particulate heat carrier to bitumen is from about 10:1 to about 200:1, wherein the upflow reactor is run at a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 700° C.
29. The method of claim 19 , wherein the upgrading step further comprises separating the product stream from the particulate heat carrier.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the upgrading step further comprises regenerating the particulate heat carrier.
31. The method of claim 19 , wherein the transporting step comprises transporting the liquid product to a remote site.
32. The method of claim 31 , wherein said remote site is a refinery.