Redox control/monitoring platform for high throughput screening/drug discovery applications
The invention is a redox control and monitoring platform that is to be used in conduction with another detection scheme. The platform includes a portion of an electrochemical control. The electrochemical control can be operated to control and measure the redox environment of a sample. The electrochemical control can be provided in a multiplicity of test regions to allow high throughput analysis of a multiplicity of samples. The present method and system allows the determination of the effect of the change in redox environment on the binding or other activity of the species in the sample that is directly affected by the redox environment.
1. A method of performing an analysis of a sample comprising:
providing a sample in a test region;
providing a target in the test region;
providing an electrochemical control for the redox environment of the sample;
wherein the electrochemical control is provided to control each of a multiplicity of test regions, and
wherein the test regions are each of a multiplicity of wells in a microplate, and
wherein the electrochemical control may be operated to separately control the redox environment of each well in a microplate, and
wherein the electrochemical control has at least two electrodes contained on a plate with protrusions wherein the electrodes are deposited on the protrusions of the plate and the plate is placed over the microplate so that the protrusions of the plate fit into the wells of the microplate, and
wherein the protrusions are cone shaped;
operating the electrochemical control to control the redox environment of the sample; and
analyzing the sample using a detection scheme,
wherein the detection scheme is operated to identify if interaction has occurred between the target and the sample, whereby activity of the sample under redox conditions can be identified.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electrochemical control has three electrodes wherein the first electrode is an auxiliary electrode, the second electrode is a reference electrode, and the third electrode is a working electrode.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein a mediator titrant is added to the sample.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electrochemical control is operated to control the redox environment and the detection scheme is operated subsequently or simultaneously to detect changes in activity or binding in the sample.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the detection scheme comprises an electrochemical detection scheme.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5 wherein the electrochemical detection scheme comprises amperometry, voltammetry, capacitance, or impedance.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the detection scheme comprises a spectroscopic detection scheme.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7 wherein the spectroscopic detection scheme comprises fluorescence, absorbance, infra red, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence, electroluminescence, Raman, electron spin resonance, or refractive index.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the detection scheme is selected from at least one of the following:
electrochemical;
spectroscopic;
radioassay; or
magnetic field measurement.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sample is not immobilized in the test region.