Polymer emulsion preservation using cationic compounds
This invention is directed to a method of preserving colloid-stabilized polymer emulsions against microbial attack and spoilage using selected cationic compounds. It is also directed to compositions containing colloid-stabilized polymer emulsions and cationic compounds that are resistant to contamination with biodeteriogenic microbes. It has been discovered that specific cationic compounds are particularly effective against biodeteriogenic microbes in preserving polymer emulsions that have been stabilized with protective colloids, such as poly(vinyl alcohol). Examples of suitable microbicidal cationic compounds are: substituted pyridinium salts, substituted guanidine salts, tetrasubstituted ammonium salts, and polymeric cationic compounds.
1. An aqueous polymer emulsion composition resistant to biodeteriogenic microbe contamination comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) stabilized aqueous polymer emulsion combined with a cationic compound selected from the group consisting of a substituted guanidine salt, a polymeric cationic compound, and mixtures thereof, wherein the substituted guanidine salt is substituted with an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or an aryl group containing 2 to 18 carbons, said cationic compound in an amount effective for preventing biodeteriogenic microbe contamination of said polymer emulsion, said polymer emulsion containing little or no nonionic or anionic surfactants and little or no anionic substituents.
2. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of n-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride, poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.
3. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the cationic compound is n-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride.
4. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more other industrial biocide.
5. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 4 wherein the one or more other industrial biocide is 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, or mixtures thereof.
6. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer emulsion is selected from the group consisting of a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene), poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate), poly(vinyl acetate-(2-ethyl)hexyl acrylate), and poly(vinyl chloride-co-ethylene).
7. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 6 wherein the polymer emulsion is a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene) or a poly(vinyl acetate).
8. A method for preventing biodeteriogenic microbe contamination in a poly(vinyl alcohol) stabilized polymer emulsion comprising:
mixing an effective amount for preventing biodeteriogenic microbe contamination of a cationic compound with said polymer emulsion, said cationic compound selected from the group consisting of a substituted guanidine salt, a polymeric cationic compound, and mixtures thereof, wherein the substituted guanidine salt is substituted with an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or an aryl group containing 2 to 18 carbons said polymer emulsion containing little or no nonionic or anionic surfactants and little or no anionic substituents.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of n-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride, poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cationic compound is n-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride.
11. The method of claim 8 further comprising mixing one or more other industrial biocide with the polymer emulsion.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the one or more other industrial biocide is 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, or mixtures thereof.
13. The method of claim 8 wherein the polymer emulsion is selected from the group consisting of a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene), poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate), poly(vinyl acetate-(2-ethyl)hexyl acrylate), and poly(vinyl chloride-co-ethylene).
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the polymer emulsion is a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene) or a poly(vinyl acetate).
15. The method of claim 8 , wherein the amount of the cationic compound ranges from 10 ppm to 1 wt %, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
16. The method of claim 8 , wherein the amount of the cationic compound ranges from 50 ppm to 5000 ppm, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
17. An adhesive composition comprising the aqueous polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein said adhesive composition is resistant to biodeteriogenic microbe contamination.
18. The adhesive composition of claim 17 which comprises:
30 to 90 parts by weight of the aqueous polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 ;
2 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer;
0 to 5 parts by weight of a thickener;
0 to 20 parts by weight of a humectant;
0 to 35 parts by weight of a tackifier;
0 to 10 parts by weight of poly(vinyl alcohol); and
0 to 40 parts by weight of a filler.
19. An aqueous polymer emulsion composition resistant to biodeteriogenic microbe contamination comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) stabilized aqueous polymer emulsion combined with 10 to 400 ppm, based on the wet weight of said polymer emulsion, of a cationic compound selected from the group consisting of a substituted guanidine salt, a substituted pyridinium salt, a tetrasubstituted ammonium salt, a polymeric cationic compound, and mixtures thereof, wherein the substituted guanidine salt and the substituted pyridinium salt are substituted with an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or an aryl group containing 2 to 18 carbons and the tetrasubstituted ammonium salt is substituted with one or more of an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, and/or an aryl, said polymer emulsion containing little or no nonionic or anionic surfactants and little or no anionic substituents, said cationic compound effective in said amounts for preserving protective colloid stabilized polymer emulsions.
20. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 19 , wherein the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of n-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.
21. A method for preventing biodeteriogenic microbe contamination in a poly(vinyl alcohol) stabilized polymer emulsion comprising:
mixing said polymer emulsion with 10 to 400 ppm, based on the wet weight of polymer emulsion, of a cationic compound selected from the group consisting of a substituted guanidine salt, a substituted pyridinium salt, a tetrasubstituted ammonium salt, a polymeric cationic compound, and mixtures thereof, wherein the substituted guanidine salt and the substituted pyridinium salt are each individually substituted with an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or an aryl group containing 2 to 18 carbons and the tetrasubstituted ammonium salt is substituted with one or more of an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, and/or an aryl, said polymer emulsion containing little or no nonionic or anionic surfactants and little or no anionic substituents.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of n-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.