Nucleic acid ligand binding site identification
This invention comprises nucleic acid ligand for use as a diagnostic reagent for detecting the presence or absence of a target molecule in a sample, and a diagnostic reagent to measure the amount of a target molecule in a sample. In a preferred embodiment the nucleic acid ligands are identified by the method of the invention referred to as the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX), wherein a candidate mixture of nucleic acids are iteratively enriched in high affinity nucleic acids and amplified by further partitioning.
1. A method for identifying a nucleic acid binding protein's binding site on a region of a DNA or RNA comprising:
a) providing a nucleic acid ligand to the nucleic acid binding protein wherein said ligand has a sequence and a structure selected from the group consisting of loops, stems, hairpins, pseudoknots, helices and bulges;
b) adding said nucleic acid ligand to said nucleic acid binding protein and said DNA or RNA region; and
c) determining whether said added nucleic acid ligand inhibits said protein from binding to said RNA or DNA region, whereby if the nucleic acid ligand is inhibitory, the sequence or structure of said inhibitory nucleic acid ligand assists in the identification of the binding site in the DNA or RNA region or its structure.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said nucleic acid ligand is provided by the method comprising the steps of:
a) contacting a candidate mixture of nucleic acids each of which have a randomized sequence with the binding protein, whereby nucleic acids having an increased affinity to the protein relative to the candidate mixture may be partitioned from the remainder of the candidate mixture;
b) partitioning the increased affinity nucleic acids from the remainder of the candidate mixture; and
c) amplifying the increased affinity nucleic acids to yield a ligand-enriched mixture of nucleic acids, whereby a nucleic acid ligand of the protein may be identified.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the DNA or RNA region contains a site selected from the group consisting of a promoter, an origin of replication, a ribosomal binding site and a tRNA binding site.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the protein regulates transcription.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the protein regulates translation.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of transcriptional activators, transcriptional repressors, transcription complexes at promoter sites, replication accessory proteins, DNA polymerases, RNA polymerases and translational repressors.