Method to design therapeutically important compounds
Disclosed is are methods of generating chemical structures of putative non-peptide inhibitors of biologically-active receptors. The method includes constructing a model of a receptor-ligand complex using empirical three-dimensional data of the receptor-ligand complex. The conformation of the binding site between the receptor and the ligand is then altered to yield novel conformations not exhibited in either the native receptor or the bound receptor. These conformations are then used to generate models of non-peptide chemical structures that are complementary in structure to the altered conformations of the binding site. In this fashion, chemical structures of putative non-peptide inhibitors of the altered conformation are revealed.
1. A method of generating chemical structures of putative non-peptide inhibitors of a biologically-active receptor, the method comprising:
(a) constructing a model in silico of a receptor-ligand complex using empirical three-dimensional data of the receptor-ligand complex, the model including a receptor portion and a ligand portion, whereby a conformation of a binding site on the receptor, between the receptor portion of the model and the ligand portion of the model, is revealed; then
(b) excising the ligand portion from the model of the receptor-ligand complex of step (a), thereby yielding an in silico model of a conformation of a binding site on the receptor absent the ligand; then
(c) altering the in silico model of the conformation of the binding site absent the ligand of step (b) to yield a model of an altered conformation of the binding site; and then
(d) generating models of non-peptide chemical structures that are complementary in structure to the altered conformation of the binding site absent the ligand from step (c), whereby chemical structures of putative non-peptide inhibitors of the altered conformation are revealed.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step (d), the models of non-peptide chemical structures are generated in silico.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the empirical three-dimensional data used in step (a) is X-ray crystallographic data.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the empirical three-dimensional data used in step (a) is nuclear magnetic resonance data.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the empirical three-dimensional data used in step (a) is X-ray crystallographic data and nuclear magnetic resonance data.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step (c), the conformation of the binding site is altered using Monte Carlo methods.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step (d), models of the non-peptide chemical structures are generated using a computer molecular modeling program.
8. A method of generating, in silico, chemical structures of putative non-peptide inhibitors of a biologically-active receptor, the method comprising:
(a) obtaining empirical three-dimensional data of the receptor bonded to a proteinaceous or non-proteinaceous ligand, the receptor and the ligand bonded thereto collectively referred to as a receptor-ligand complex; then
(b) constructing a model of the receptor-ligand complex in silico using the data from step (a); then
(c) excising the ligand from the model of the receptor-ligand complex of step (b), thereby yielding an in silica model of a conformation of a binding site on the receptor; then
(d) altering the model of the conformation of the binding site of step (c) to yield a model of an altered conformation of the binding site; and then
(e) generating, in silico, models of non-peptide chemical structures that are complementary in structure to the altered conformation of the binding site from step (d), whereby structures of putative non-peptide inhibitors of the altered conformation are revealed.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the empirical three-dimensional data obtained in step (a) is X-ray crystallographic data.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the empirical three-dimensional data obtained in step (a) is nuclear magnetic resonance data.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the empirical three-dimensional data obtained in step (a) is X-ray crystallographic data and nuclear magnetic resonance data.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein in step (d), the conformation of the binding site is altered using Monte Carlo methods.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein in step (e), models of the non-peptide chemical structures are generated using a computer molecular modeling program.