Granted Patent B2

US 7,571,130 · App. 10/174,505 · Granted Aug 4, 2009

Abstract

Claims (41)

1. A method of constructing a hedging portfolio for actively managed exchange traded funds comprising the steps of:

analyzing risk factors derived from the historical returns of an actively managed fund using a computer,

constructing a hedging portfolio by selecting a set of securities that has substantially the same sensitivities to the risk factors derived from the historical returns of the actively managed fund using a computer, wherein the set of securities having substantially the same sensitivities to the risk factors derived from the historical returns of the actively managed fund comprise a hedging portfolio, and

withholding the identities of the assets of the actively managed fund from an investor who trades shares of the actively managed fund,

wherein the hedging portfolio does not reveal the assets of the actively managed fund portfolio, and

wherein the returns of the hedging portfolio substantially track the returns of the actively managed exchange traded fund.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the multi-factor risk models are based on statistical factors.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein using a statistical modeling approach further comprises:

analyzing security price movements over a large group of securities over a period of time.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

using a list of securities from which to produce factors, the list being based on a list of the securities that the fund would contemplate holding.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the list for the particular actively managed fund is limited to holding securities from a “followed list” of securities.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the list for the particular actively managed fund is derived from actual holdings of the fund over time.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein the list for the particular actively managed fund is derived from actual holdings of the fund over time combined with stocks from a market index, e.g., the Russell 1000 Index®.

8. The method of claim 3 wherein analyzing further comprises:

identifying groups of securities from the larger group of securities that have pricing characteristics that systematically tend to move together; and for each group,

performing a principal component analysis over some percentage of variation (y %) to provide a subset of the principal components of the group to use as factors for the particular group.

9. The method of claim 3 wherein analyzing further comprises:

estimating factor sensitivities for a particular actively managed fund.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein estimating further comprises:

using the hedging portfolio for estimating the intra-day approximation of NAV of the particular actively managed fund on a particular day.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein estimating further comprises:

calculating a returns time series using the actively managed fund prices at the end of the previous trading day for holdings in each stock expressed as a proportion of the current NAV price on the current trading day; and

using the returns time series on each stock to form an historic ‘current weighted’ time series of synthetic fund returns.

12. A computer program product residing on a computer readable medium for constructing hedging portfolios for actively managed funds, which are traded intra-day comprising instructions which are executed by a computer and cause the computer to:

use principal component analysis to analyze security price movements of a large group of securities over a period of time to discern correlations between such price movements of the analyzed group and price movements of the actively managed fund,

construct a hedging portfolio by selecting securities from the large group of securities in proportions that the price movements of the selected securities substantially correlate to price movements of the actively managed fund, wherein the selected securities comprise the hedging portfolio,

wherein the hedging portfolio does not reveal the assets of the actively managed fund portfolio to an investor who trades shares of the actively managed fund, and wherein the returns of the hedging portfolio substantially track the returns of the actively managed exchange traded fund.

13. The computer program product of claim 12 further comprising instructions to:

construct a list of securities from which to produce factors, the list being based on a list of the securities that the fund would contemplate holding.

14. The computer program product of claim 13 wherein the list for the particular actively managed fund is limited to holding securities from a “followed list” of securities.

15. The computer program product of claim 13 wherein the list for the particular actively managed fund is derived from actual holdings of the fund over time.

16. The computer program product of claim 13 wherein the list for the particular actively managed fund is derived from actual holdings of the fund over time combined with stocks from a market index.

17. The computer program product of claim 12 wherein instructions to analyze further comprises instructions to:

perform a principal component analysis over some percentage of variation (y %) to provide a subset of the principal components of the group to use as factors for the particular group.

18. The computer program product of claim 12 wherein instructions to analyze further comprises instructions to:

estimate factor sensitivities for a particular actively managed fund; and

apply the factor sensitivities for estimating the intra-day approximation of NAV of the particular actively managed fund on a particular day.

19. The computer program product of claim 12 wherein instructions to analyze further comprises instructions to:

calculate a returns time series using the actively managed fund prices at the end of previous trading day for holdings in each stock expressed as a proportion of the current NAV price on the trading day; and

apply the returns time series on each stock to form an historic ‘current weighted’ time series of synthetic fund returns.

Assignments (8)