Enhanced bonding layers on titanium materials
The present invention provides a dense-coverage, adherent phosphorous-based coating on the native oxide surface of a material. Disclosed phosphorous-based coatings include phosphate and organo-phosphonate coatings. The present invention also provides further derivatization of the phosphorous-based coatings to yield dense surface coverage of chemically reactive coatings and osteoblast adhesion-promoting and proliferation-promoting coatings on the native oxide surface of a titanium material.
1. A coated device having a titanium oxide surface for contacting bone tissue, wherein said oxide surface is coated with a layer produced by coating said oxide surface with a self-assembled layer of organophosphonic acid molecules comprising organic ligands containing from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms and heating said coated oxide surface so that the organophosphonic acid groups react with said oxide surface and bond said self-assembled acid layer thereto.
2. The coated device of claim 1 , wherein said organic ligands are saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic alkylene moieties.
3. The coated device of claim 1 , wherein said organic ligand comprises a reactive moiety for polymerization.
4. The coated device of claim 3 , wherein said reactive moiety is a site of unsaturation.
5. The coated device of claim 3 , wherein said organic ligand is an acrylate.
6. A coated device having a titanium oxide surface for contacting bone tissue, wherein said oxide surface is coated with a layer produced by (a) coating said oxide surface with a layer of phosphoric acid, and (b) heating said coated oxide surface so that said phosphoric acid reacts with said oxide surface and bonds said phosphoric acid layer thereto, thereby providing an inorganic phosphate coating comprising free hydroxyl groups, wherein said inorganic phosphate coating comprising free hydroxyl groups is derivatized by covalent attachment by means of thiol compounds of a moiety selected from the group consisting of bone proteins and osteoconductive proteins and peptides.
7. The device of claim 6 , comprising a knee or hip replacement joint.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein said titanium oxide surface comprises the native oxide surface of titanium or an alloy thereof.
9. An implantable device having one or more surfaces for attachment to or contact with bone tissue wherein at least one of said surfaces comprises a substrate selected from the group consisting of titanium, a titanium/aluminum/vanadium alloy, surgical stainless steel, and cobalt/chrome alloys, said substrate having an oxide layer on the surface thereof, and said oxide surface having bonded thereto an adherent, self-assembled omega-functional phosphonic acid layer having omega-functional groups selected from the group consisting of ligands that can be chemically transformed to react and covalently bond to bone proteins and osteoconductive proteins and peptides, wherein said layer is bonded to said oxide surface layer by heating a self-assembled layer of omega-functional phosphonic acid molecules provided on said oxide surface layer until the phosphonic acid groups react with said oxide surface layer and bond said acid layer thereto.
10. The implantable device of claim 9 , wherein the device is selected from the group consisting of: (i) an acetabular cup of an implantable, artificial hip joint; (ii) an acetabular ring of an implantable, artificial hip joint; (iii) an acetabular cage of an implantable, artificial hip joint; (iv) a cement-less hip stem of an implantable, artificial hip joint; (v) a humeral stem of an implantable, artificial elbow; (vi) an ulnar stem of an implantable, artificial elbow; (vi) a femoral cup of an implantable, artificial knee joint; (vii) a tibial cap of an implantable, artificial knee joint; (viii) a humeral stem of an implantable, artificial shoulder joint; (ix) a glenoid component of an artificial shoulder joint; (xi) an artificial ankle joint; (xii) a dental implant; and (xii) a fastener for attaching an implantable artificial joint to bone tissue.
11. The implantable device of claim 9 , wherein the implantable device is a device for trauma repair or joint fusion selected from the group consisting of a screw, a pin, a nail, a plate, a staple, and a cable grip system.
12. The implantable device of claim 9 , wherein the omega functional group comprises a carboxylic acid group covalently bonded to a peptide comprising a cysteine residue.
13. The implantable device of claim 12 , wherein the peptide derivative contains an Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys residue.
14. The implantable device of claim 9 , wherein said omega functional groups are selected from a group consisting of a phosphonic acid moiety, a carboxylic acid moiety, and a hydroxyl group.