Compositions and methods for generating antigen-binding units
The present invention provides non-single-chain antigen-binding units that is stabilized by leucine zipper sequences. The experimental design is particularly useful for generating and screening for Nsc Abus that remain the binding capabilities to their respective antigens within a cell. The present invention also provides recombinant polynucleotides, host cells and kits comprising the vectors. Further provided by the invention are methods of using the subject vectors.
1. A method of identifying a non-single-chain antigen-binding unit that is immunoreactive with a desired antigen in a yeast cell, comprising:
(a) recombinantly co-expressing within a population of yeast cells
(i) a reporter gene operably linked to a first DNA-binding-protein recognition site (DNA-BPRS);
(ii) a first antigen fusion gene encoding the desired antigen fused in-frame with a first DNA-binding moiety which specifically binds to said first DNA-BPRS;
(iii) a plurality of expression vectors that encodes a genetically diverse repertoire of non-single-chain antigen-binding units, each antigen-binding unit comprising a variable region of a first antibody chain fused to a first dimerization sequence, and a variable region of a second antibody chain fused to a second dimerization sequence and a gene activation moiety; wherein the variable regions of the first and second antibody chains dimerize through an interaction between the first and second dimerization sequences to form the antigen-binding unit; and
(b) detecting expression of said reporter gene, wherein an increase in the expression indicates a specific binding between the antigen-binding unit and the desired antigen, thereby identifying an antigen-binding unit that is immunoreactive with the desired antigen.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first antibody chain is light chain, and the second antibody chain is heavy chain.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first antibody chain is heavy chain, and the second antibody chain is light chain.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first dimerization sequence is Fos leucine zipper and the second dimerization sequence is Jun leucine zipper.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first dimerization sequence is Jun leucine zipper and the second dimerization sequence is Fos leucine zipper.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein co-expression of a plurality of expression vectors comprises mating a first population of yeast cells that carries expression vectors encoding a repertoire comprising variable regions of a first antibody chain, with a second population of yeast cells that carries expression vectors encoding a repertoire comprising variable regions of a second antibody chain.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of counter selecting yeast cells that express the reporter gene independent of the specific interaction between an antigen binding fragment and the desired antigen.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of counter selecting further comprising:
(a) recombinantly co-expressing within the population of yeast cells
(i) a counterselectable gene operably linked to a second DNA-binding protein recognition site (DNA-BPRS);
(ii) a second antigen fusion gene encoding a second antigen fused in-frame with a second DNA-binding moiety which specifically binds to the second DNA-BPRS, wherein the second antigen differs structurally from the first antigen;
(b) culturing the yeast cells under condition suitable for expression for the reporter gene and the counterselectable gene; and
(c) detecting growth of yeast cells and expression of the reporter gene, wherein an increase in the reporter gene expression in the absence of an increase in the counterselectable gene expression indicates that a specific binding between an antigen-binding unit and the desired antigen has occurred.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reporter gene is selected from the group consisting of LEU2, TRP1, HIS3, LacZ, URA3, and MEL.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said DNA-binding-protein recognition site comprises at least one binding site for a protein selected from the group consisting of GAL4, LexA, and Ace1.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said DNA-binding moiety comprises the DNA-binding domain of a protein selected from the group consisting of GAL4, LexA, and Ace1.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said gene activating moiety comprises the transcription activation domain selected from the group consisting of GAL4 and VP16.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein said counterselectable gene is selected from the group consisting of URA3, LYS5, GAL1, CYH2, and CAN1.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said counterselectable gene is integrated into the genome of the population of mating or mated yeast cells.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein said expression of said counterselectable gene is lethal to a yeast cell.