Electrically conductive thermoplastic polymer composition
Disclosed is an electrically conductive thermoplastic polymer composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a synergistic combination of metal fibers and metal-coated fibers, structures made therefrom, and a process to make said compositions and structures.
1. A process to produce an electrically conductive thermoplastic structure comprising the steps of:
(i) providing a thermoplastic resin and a synergistic combination of a metal fiber and a metal-coated fiber to a melt blending apparatus and
(ii) forming an electrically conductive thermoplastic structure.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene and styrene interpolymers, polyvinylchloride, polystyrene, impact polystyrene, styrene and acrylonitrile copolymers, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene terpolymer, polyester, polycarbonate, copolyesterpolycarbonate, polyamide, thermoplastic polyurethane, epoxy, polyacrylate, polyarylate ether sulfone, polyarylate ether ketone, polyphenylene ether, polyamide-imide, polyether-imide, or blends thereof.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a polycarbonate, an acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene terpolymer, or mixtures thereof.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal fiber is aluminum, zinc, copper, silver, nickel, stainless steel, gold, chrome, and alloys thereof.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal fiber is stainless steel.
6. The process at claim 1 wherein the metal-coated fiber comprises a metal coating on a non-metal fiber.
7. The process of claim 6 wherein the thickness of the metal coating is from about 0.1 micrometer to about 2 micrometers.
8. The process of claim 6 wherein the metal coating is silver, nickel, aluminum, chrome, tin, lead, copper, and alloys thereof.
9. The process of claim 6 wherein the non-conductive fiber is carbon, glass or a polymer.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal-coated fiber is nickel-coated carbon.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the melt blending apparatus is an extruder or an injection molding machine.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal fiber is provided in amount from about 2 weight percent to about 15 weight percent based on the volume of the electrical conductive thermoplastic.
13. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal-coated fiber is provided in amount from about 3 weight percent to about 25 weight percent.
14. An electrically conductive thermoplastic structure produced by the process of claim 1 .
15. The process as taught in claim 1 wherein the melt blending apparatus is an extruder further comprising, between the steps of (i) and (ii), the steps of:
(a) extruding the melt blended thermoplastic resin, metal fibers and metal coated fibers into a sheet and
(b) thermoforming, vacuum forming or compression molding the sheet.
16. The process as taught in claim 15 wherein the sheet is thermoformed.
17. The process as taught in claim 15 wherein the sheet is compression molded.
18. The process as taught in claim 15 wherein the sheet is vacuum formed.
19. The process as taught in claim 1 wherein the melt blending apparatus is an injection molding machine further comprising, between the steps of (i) and (ii), the step of:
(c) injecting the melt blended thermoplastic resin, metal fibers and metal coated fibers into an injection mold.