Single thrust bearing fluid dynamic bearing motor
View Patent ↗A typical dynamic bearing design comprises a ring shaped or circular thrust plate mounted at or near the end of a shaft, the shaft defining together with a surrounding sleeve a journal bearing by providing grooves on only one of the two surfaces facing the gap between the shaft and sleeve. On the ring shaped thrust plate supported by the shaft, the traditional upward thrust bearing defined between the lower face of the thrust plate and the facing surface of the sleeve is maintained; but no grooves are on the surface of the thrust plate distant from the shaft and a facing counterplate surface. Further, the journal bearing is defined to have an asymmetry so that a bias force pressure along the surface of the shaft toward the thrust plate is established. The combination of the journal groove asymmetry pumping action toward the shoulder or thrust plate, together with the single grooved thrust bearing, is sufficient to establish a constant pressure between the distal surface of the thrust plate and the facing counterplate, as well as between the groove thrust plate and the facing shoulder surface.
1. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement comprising a sleeve defining a bore and further defining a thrust surface extending transversely to the bore,
a shaft supported in the bore, the shaft and bore together defining a fluid dynamic journal bearing which supports rotation of the shaft and the sleeve relative to one another,
a thrust plate extending transversely from the shaft and having a first axial thrust surface and an ungrooved second axial surface, the first thrust surface and a sleeve thrust surface defining together a first fluid dynamic thrust bearing,
an asymmetric journal bearing defined between the shaft and the sleeve and operable to establish an asymmetric pressure directed toward the first fluid dynamic thrust bearing, and
an ungrooved counterplate mounted to the sleeve and defining together with the ungrooved second axial surface of the thrust plate a gap which is in fluid communication with the first fluid dynamic thrust bearing and the fluid dynamic journal bearing, wherein the asymmetric pressure defined by the asymmetric journal bearing is further operable to act against a portion of the ungrooved second axial surface disposed radially inward of the radius of the shaft to support distancing of the ungrooved second axial surface from the counterplate.
2. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein the asymmetric journal bearing includes a grooved surface on one of the sleeve or the shaft to create pumping action toward the thrust plate along the shaft.
3. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement according to claim 2 wherein the thrust bearing pattern is chosen from a group comprising a chevron pattern or a spiral groove pattern.
4. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a circulation path extending from the second thrust plate gap to the journal bearing.
5. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 4 wherein the circulation path comprises a groove extending axially across the thrust plate.
6. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein the journal bearing comprises first and second sets of grooves along the gap between the shaft and the sleeve, the second set of groves being more distant from the thrust plate than the first set of grooves and being modified relative to the first set of grooves to create the journal asymmetric pumping action toward the thrust plate along the shaft.
7. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 6 wherein in operation the gap between the thrust plate second surface and the counterplate is substantially larger than the gap between the first thrust plate groove surface and the sleeve transverse surface.
8. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein the grooved pattern on the thrust plate surface is a balanced groove pattern, with the thrust apex diameter being slightly displaced toward the distal edge of the thrust plate from the shaft.
9. A fluid dynamic bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein the journal bearing creates asymmetry pumping pressure sufficient to act as a constant force to axially bias the spacing of the thrust plate relative to the sleeve surface and counterplate surface such that the first thrust plate grooved surface gap with the transverse sleeve surface closes until axial force equilibrium is achieved.