Impact resistant polymer blends of crystalline polypropylene and partially crystalline, low molecular weight impact modifiers
Polymer blends that exhibit good impact resistance comprise a crystalline polypropylene matrix and a partly crystalline copolymer impact modifier with a molecular weight lower than that of the matrix polymer. The matrix polymer can comprise any crystalline propylene homo- or copolymer. The impact modifying copolymers are characterized as comprising at least about 60 weight percent (wt %) of units derived from propylene and, in certain embodiments, as having at least one, preferably two or more, of the following properties: (i) 13 C NMR peaks corresponding to a regio-error at about 14.6 and about 15.7 ppm, the peaks of about equal intensity, (ii) a B-value greater than about 1.4 when the comonomer content of the copolymer is at least about 3 wt %, (iii) a skewness index, S ix , greater than about −1.20, (iv) a DSC curve with a T me that remains essentially the same and a T max that decreases as the amount of comonomer in the copolymer is increased, and (v) an X-ray diffraction pattern that reports more gamma-form crystals than a comparable copolymer prepared with a Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalyst.
1. An impact-resistant polymer blend comprising (i) a crystalline polypropylene matrix having a weight average molecular weight, and (ii) an at least partially crystalline copolymer impact modifier having a molecular weight lower than the weight average molecular weight of the crystalline polypropylene matrix, the impact modifier comprising propylene and ethylene and/or one or more unsaturated comonomers, the modifier prepared using nonmetallocene, metal-centered, heteroaryl ligand catalyst.
2. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the crystalline polypropylene matrix is a homopolymer.
3. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the crystalline polypropylene matrix is a copolymer.
4. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the unsaturated comonomer is a C 4-20 α-olefin or diene.
5. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the impact modifier is at least one of a copolymer of propylene and ethylene or a terpolymer of propylene, ethylene and a C 4-20 α-olefin or diene.
6. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the impact modifier is characterized as (A) comprising at least about 60 weight percent (wt %) of units derived from propylene, about 0.1-35 wt % of units derived from ethylene, and 0 to about 35 wt % of units derived from one or more unsaturated comonomers, with the proviso that the combined weight percent of units derived from ethylene and the unsaturated comonomer does not exceed about 40, and (B) having at least one of the following properties: (i) 13 C NMR peaks corresponding to a regio-error at about 14.6 and about 15.7 ppm, the peaks of about equal intensity, (ii) a DSC curve with a T me that remains essentially the same and a T max that decreases as the amount of comonomer in the copolymer is increased, and (iii) a skewness index greater than about −1.20.
7. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the impact modifier is characterized as (A) comprising at least about 60 weight percent (wt %) of units derived from propylene and about 0.1-40 wt % of units derived from an unsaturated comonomer other than ethylene, and (B) having at least one of the following properties: (i) 13 C NMR peaks corresponding to a regio-error at about 14.6 and about 15.7 ppm, the peaks of about equal intensity, (ii) a DSC curve with a T me that remains essentially the same and a T max that decreases as the amount of comonomer in the copolymer is increased, and (iii) a skewness index greater than about −1.20.
8. The polymer blend of claim 6 in which the impact modifier is characterized by at least two of the properties of(i)-(iii).
9. The polymer blend of claim 7 in which the impact modifier is characterized by at least two of the properties of (i)-(iii).
10. The polymer blend of claim 6 in which the crystalline polypropylene is characterized as having 13 C NMR peaks corresponding to a regio-error at about 14.6 and about 15.7 ppm, the peaks of about equal intensity.
11. The polymer blend of claim 7 in which the crystalline polypropylene is characterized as having 13 C NMR peaks corresponding to a regio-error at about 14.6 and about 15.7 ppm, the peaks of about equal intensity.
12. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the impact modifier has a percent crystallinity of about 40 to >0.
13. The polymer blend of claim 12 in which the impact modifier has a melt flow rate of about 0.02 to 100 g/10 min.
14. The polymer blend of claim 13 in which the crystalline polypropylene matrix comprises at least about 80 percent by weight based upon the total weight of the blend.
15. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the crystalline polypropylene is characterized as having 13 C NMR peaks corresponding to a regio-error at about 14.6 and about 15.7 ppm, the peaks of about equal intensity and, optionally, substantially isotactic propylene sequences, i.e., the sequences have an isotactic triad (mm) measured by 13 C NMR of greater than about 0.85.
16. The polymer blend of claim 15 in which the crystalline polypropylene is further characterized as having substantially isotactic propylene sequences.
17. The polymer blend of claim 6 in which one or both of the crystalline polypropylene and impact modifier is in combination with one or more other polymers.
18. The polymer blend of claim 7 in which one or both of the crystalline polypropylene and impact modifier is in combination with one or more other polymers.
19. An article comprising the polymer blend of claim 1 .
20. An article comprising the polymer blend of claim 6 .
21. A blow molded article comprising the polymer blend of claim 6 .
22. A blow molded article comprising the polymer blend of claim 7 .
23. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the impact modifier is characterized as comprising at least about 60 weight percent (wt %) of units derived from propylene, about 0.1-35 wt % of units derived from ethylene, and 0 to about 35 wt % of units derived from one or more unsaturated comonomers, with the proviso that the combined weight percent of units derived from ethylene and the unsaturated comonomer does not exceed about 40.
24. A blow molded article comprising the polymer blend of claim 1 .
25. The polymer blend of claim 1 in which the impact modifier is further characterized as having an X-ray diffraction pattern that reports more gamma-form crystals than a comparable copolymer prepared with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
26. An article comprising the polymer blend of claim 7 .