III-V nitride homoepitaxial material of improved quality formed on free-standing (Al,In,Ga)N substrates
View Patent ↗A III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure comprising a III-V nitride homoepitaxial epi layer of improved epitaxial quality deposited on a III-V nitride material substrate, e.g., of freestanding character. Various processing techniques are described, including a method of forming a III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer on a corresponding III-V nitride material substrate, by depositing the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer by a VPE process using Group III source material and nitrogen source material under process conditions including V/III ratio in a range of from about 1 to about 10 5 , nitrogen source material partial pressure in a range of from about 1 to about 10 3 torr, growth temperature in a range of from about 500 to about 1250 degrees Celsius, and growth rate in a range of from about 0.1 to about 10 2 microns per hour. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structures are usefully employed in device applications such as UV LEDs, high electron mobility transistors, and the like.
1. A III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer, deposited on a corresponding free-standing III-V nitride material substrate, wherein:
said III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a dislocation density of less than 1E7 per square centimeter; and
said III-V nitride material substrate has any of (1) a diameter of greater than 1 cm, and (2) a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of {0001}, {11 2 0}, and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
2. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , having a dislocation density of less than 1E6 dislocations per square centimeter.
3. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , having a thickness of at least 0.5 micron.
4. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , having a thickness of at least 3.0 microns.
5. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , having a thickness of at least 3.0 microns and a dislocation density of less than 1E6 dislocations per square centimeter.
6. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is substantially planar.
7. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate has a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of (0001), (000 1 ), and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
8. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate has a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of {0001}, {11 2 0}, and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
9. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is GaN, and wherein the homoepitaxial layer is deposited on the Ga face of the substrate.
10. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is GaN, and wherein the homoepitaxial layer is deposited on the N face of the substrate.
11. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is annealed before deposition of the homoepitaxial layer thereon.
12. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein a surfactant is applied to a deposition surface of the III-V nitride material substrate before deposition of the homoepitaxial layer thereon, to facilitate nucleation of the homoepitaxial layer thereon.
13. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , comprising GaN, and wherein the III-V nitride material substrate correspondingly comprises GaN.
14. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , comprising AlGaN, and wherein the III-V nitride material substrate correspondingly comprises AlGaN.
15. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , comprising AlInGaN, and wherein the III-V nitride material substrate correspondingly comprises AlInGaN.
16. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , doped n-type, p-type, or semi-insulating.
17. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the homoepitaxial layer and the substrate have a sheet resistance greater than 1E5 ohms per square centimeter.
18. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the homoepitaxial layer and the substrate have a sheet resistance greater than 1E4 ohms per square centimeter.
19. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate has a diameter of greater than 1 cm.
20. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , suitable for fabrication thereon of any of high power, short wavelength blue, green, and UV lasers and LEDs, and high frequency, high power electronic devices.
21. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the free-standing III-V nitride material substrate comprises a finished substrate, wherein finishing of the substrate is completed prior to deposition thereon of the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer.
22. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 21 , wherein the finished substrate is subjected to at least one polishing step prior to deposition thereon of the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer.
23. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer of claim 1 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate has a diameter of greater than 2.5 cm.
24. A III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure, comprising the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer deposited on a free-standing III-V nitride material substrate according to claim 1 .
25. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer comprises non-(0001) homoepitaxial step flow crystal growth.
26. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a <11 2 0> offcut direction.
27. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a <10 1 0> offcut direction.
28. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has an offcut direction between <11 2 0> and <10 1 0>.
29. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the substrate is finished.
30. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the substrate is unfinished.
31. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer comprises a lattice-matched (Al,In,Ga)N epitaxial layer.
32. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the substrate comprises GaN with a graded AlGaN layer thereon.
33. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein said substrate comprises GaN, and the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer is deposited on a Ga face of said substrate.
34. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein said substrate comprises GaN, and the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer is deposited on a N face of the substrate.
35. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is offcut by less than or equal to 8 degrees from the {0001} crystallographic orientation.
36. The III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure of claim 24 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is offcut by less than or equal to 8 degrees from the {11 2 0} crystallographic orientation.
37. A microelectronic device comprising a III-V nitride homoepitaxial microelectronic device structure as in claim 24 .
38. The microelectronic device of claim 37 , comprising a UV LED.
39. The microelectronic device of claim 37 , comprising an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMT).
40. The microelectronic device of claim 37 , comprising a laser diode.
41. A system comprising the microelectronic device of claim 37 .
42. A homoepitaxial III-V nitride article, comprising a III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer deposited on a free-standing III-V nitride material substrate, wherein:
said III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a dislocation density of less than 1E6 dislocations per square centimeter;
the III-V nitride material substrate has any of (1) a diameter of greater than 1 cm, and (2) a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of {0001}, {11 2 0}, and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
43. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a thickness of at least 0.5 micron.
44. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a thickness of at least 3.0 microns.
45. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate has a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of (0001), (000 1 ), and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees thereof.
46. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate has a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of {0001}, {11 2 0}, and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
47. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate is GaN, and wherein the homoepitaxial layer is deposited on the Ga face of the substrate.
48. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate is GaN, and wherein the homoepitaxial layer is deposited on the N face of the substrate.
49. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate is annealed before deposition of the homoepitaxial layer thereon.
50. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein a surfactant is applied to a deposition surface of said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate before deposition of the homoepitaxial layer thereon, to facilitate nucleation of the homoepitaxial layer thereon.
51. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer and the free-standing III-V nitride material substrate both comprise GaN.
52. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer and the free-standing III-V nitride material substrate both comprise AlGaN.
53. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer and the free-standing III-V nitride material substrate both comprise AlInGaN.
54. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer is doped n-type, p-type, or semi-insulating.
55. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer and the free-standing III-V nitride material substrate have a sheet resistance greater than 1E5 ohms per square centimeter.
56. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer and the free-standing III-V nitride material substrate have a sheet resistance greater than 1E4 ohms per square centimeter.
57. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 42 , free of contamination at an interface between said homoepitaxial layer and said substrate.
58. The III-V nitride article of claim 42 , wherein the III-V nitride material substrate has a diameter of greater than 1 cm.
59. A homoepitaxial III-V nitride article, comprising a III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer deposited on a free-standing III-V nitride material substrate, wherein:
said III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a dislocation density of less than 1E6 dislocations per square centimeter;
and
said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate comprises a (Al,Ga,In)N boule having any of (1) a diameter of greater than 1 cm, and (2) a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of {0001}, {11 2 0}, and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
60. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a diameter of greater than 1 cm.
61. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a diameter of greater than 2.5 cm.
62. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a diameter of greater than 7.5 cm.
63. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a length of greater than 1 mm.
64. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a length of greater than 0.5 cm.
65. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a length of greater than 1 cm.
66. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a top surface defect density of less than 10 7 defects per square centimeter.
67. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a top surface defect density of less than 10 6 defects per square centimeter.
68. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a top surface defect density of less than 10 4 defects per square centimeter.
69. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a top surface defect density of less than 10 5 defects per square centimeter, a diameter of at least 5 cm, and a thickness of at least 1 cm.
70. The homoepitaxial III-V nitride article of claim 59 , wherein the (Al,Ga,In)N boule has a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of {0001}, {11 2 0}, and offcuts of less than or equal to 8 degrees therefrom.
71. A III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer deposited on a corresponding III-V nitride material substrate,
wherein the III-V nitride material substrate is oxidized to provide a smooth deposition surface before deposition of the homoepitaxial layer thereon.
72. A homoepitaxial III-V nitride article, comprising a III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer deposited on a free-standing III-V nitride material substrate, wherein:
said III-V nitride homoepitaxial layer has a dislocation density of less than 1E6 dislocations per square centimeter; and
said free-standing III-V nitride material substrate is oxidized to provide a smooth deposition surface before deposition of the homoepitaxial layer thereon.