Kaolin products and their production
There is provided a method of producing a kaolin particulate material suitable for use as an improved super-calendered filler. This method includes: (a) preparing an aqueous feed suspension of kaolin; (b) treating the kaolin of the feed suspension by attrition grinding in a vessel using grinding media granules; (c) delivering an aqueous suspension of the kaolin ground in (b) to a particle size classifier and separating the kaolin of the suspension into a coarse fraction and a fine fraction; (d) returning an aqueous suspension of the coarse fraction produced in (c) to the grinding vessel to be further attrition ground; and (e) extracting an aqueous suspension of the fine fraction produced in (c) as a product suspension. Advantageously, the kaolin of the feed suspension in (a) is such that not more than 30% by weight has a particle size less than 2 μm and not more than 30% by weight has a particle size greater than 10 μm. In addition, the kaolin of the product suspension produced in (e) is such that not more than 10% by weight has a particle size greater than 10 μm and not more than 10% by weight has a particle size less than 0.25 μm.
1. A method of producing a kaolin particulate material suitable for use as a super-calendered filler, said method comprising:
(a) preparing an aqueous feed suspension of kaolin;
(b) treating the kaolin of the feed suspension by attrition grinding in a grinding vessel using grinding media granules;
(c) delivering an aqueous suspension of the kaolin ground in (b) to a particle size classifier and separating the kaolin of the suspension into a coarse fraction and a fine fraction;
(d) returning an aqueous suspension of the coarse fraction produced in (c) to the grinding vessel to be further attrition ground; and
(e) extracting an aqueous suspension of the fine fraction produced in (c) as a product suspension;
wherein the kaolin of the feed suspension in (a) is such that not more than 30% by weight has a particle size less than 2 μm and not more than 30% by weight has a particle size greater than 10 μm; and
wherein the kaolin of the product suspension produced in (e) has a mean particle size ranging from 0.9 μm to 1.6 μm, a steepness factor of at least about 32, and is such that not more than 10% by weight has a particle size greater than 10 μm and not more than 10% by weight has a particle size less than 0.25 μm.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the kaolin feed suspension employed in (a) is a coarse fraction obtained from a particle size classifier.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein not more than 20% by weight of the particles of the kaolin in (a) have a size less than 2 μm.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein not more than 25% by weight of the kaolin particles in (a) have a size greater than 10 μm.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the particle size classifier in (c) comprises at least one hydrocyclone.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the particle size classifier comprises a plurality of hydrocyclones arranged in parallel.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further including, prior to delivery of the aqueous suspension to the particle size classifier employed in (c), the addition of water to the aqueous suspension which leaves the grinding vessel in (b).
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the aqueous suspension after the water addition includes a solids content that is reduced by a differential percentage amount ranging from about 5% to 20% by weight compared with the aqueous suspension before the water addition.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous suspension of the coarse fraction returned to the grinding vessel in (d) includes a solids content which is at least 2% by weight greater than the solids content of the suspension in the grinding vessel in (b).
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the kaolin of the product suspension produced in (e) has a steepness factor of at least about 35.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the kaolin of the product suspension produced in (e) has a steepness factor of at least about 40.
12. A method of making paper, said method comprising the steps of producing a kaolin particulate material according to claim 1 and combining said particulate material together with cellulose fibers in a paper making composition in a paper making process.