Granted Patent B2

US 6,936,995 · App. 10/374,347 · Granted Aug 30, 2005

Abstract

Claims (53)

1. A method for regulating voltage in a vehicle electrical system comprising:

estimating a temperature of a battery;

determining a voltage of said battery;

measuring current supplied by said battery;

determining a state of charge (SOC) of said battery based on said temperature, said voltage, and said current;

determining a nominal optimum charging voltage of said battery based on said SOC of said battery and said temperature;

converting said nominal optimum charging voltage to a % duty cycle; and

operating a battery charging generator relative to said % duty cycle charge said battery at said nominal optimum charging voltage.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

converting said % duty cycle to a PWM % duty cycle; and

operating said generator based on said PWM % duty cycle.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage when a battery charge current is below a predetermined value.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said step of reducing include multiplying said nominal optimum charging voltage by a reduction factor to provide an optimum charging voltage.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said reduction factor is equal to one (1) unless at least one of said battery charge current is less than or equal to 2 amps and greater than or equal to −7 amps, said temperature is greater than 0° C., and an operational level of the generator is less than 99%.

6. The method of claim 4 further comprising:

applying a delay; and

reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage when at least one of said battery charge current is less than or equal to 2 amps and greater than or equal to −7 amps, said temperature is greater than 0° C., and an operational level of the generator is less than 99%.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining whether an accessory is turned on;

determining whether a filtered battery voltage is greater than an accessory voltage; and

reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage when said current drawing accessory is turned on and said filtered battery voltage is greater than said accessory voltage.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said accessory is a headlamp and said accessory voltage is a headlamp voltage.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein determining said nominal optimum charging voltage includes;

determining a running SOC of said battery; and

interpolating a value of said nominal optimum charging voltage based on said running SOC and said temperature.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein said step of interpolating is based upon a plurality of calibration constants.

11. The method of claim 9 further comprising determining said running SOC as a function of a start-up SOC, an adjusted amp-hours of said battery and battery capacity.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said start-up SOC is determined using a look-up table that is accessed using said temperature and a last stored open-circuit voltage.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein said start-up SOC is determined as a function of a plurality of start-up calibration constants and said temperature.

14. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining an operational level of said generator; and

maintaining said operational level when said generator is operating at full capacity.

15. A regulator voltage control method, comprising:

measuring current supplied by a battery;

determining a state of charge (SOC) of said battery based on said current;

determining a nominal optimum charging voltage as a function of said SOC of said battery;

converting said nominal optimum charging voltage to a % duty cycle;

charging said battery using a generator based on said % duty cycle; and

reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage when one of a battery charge current is below a predetermined value and an accessory is turned on.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

estimating a temperature of said battery; and

determining a voltage of said battery, wherein said SOC is further based on said temperature and said voltage.

17. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

converting said % duty cycle to a pulse-width modulated (PWM) % duty cycle; and operating said generator based on said PWM % duty cycle.

18. The method of claim 15 wherein reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage when said battery charge current is below said predetermined value is achieved by multiplying said nominal optimum charging voltage by a reduction factor to provide an optimum charging voltage.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein said reduction factor is equal to one (1) unless at least one of said battery charge current is less than or equal to 2 amps and greater than or equal to −7 amps, said temperature is greater than 0° C., and an operation level of the generator is less than 99%.

20. The method of claim 18 further comprising:

applying a delay; and

reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage if at least one of said battery charge current is less than or equal to 2 amps and greater than or equal to −7 amps, said temperature is greater than 0° C., and an operational level of the generator is less than 99%.

21. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

determining whether a filtered battery voltage is greater than an accessory voltage; and

reducing said nominal optimum charging voltage when said accessory is turned on and said filtered battery voltage is greater than said accessory voltage.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said accessory is a headlamp and said accessory voltage is a headlamp voltage.

Assignments (13)