Process for the production of hydrocarbon fluids
Hydrocarbon fluids are produced by hydrocracking a vacuum gas oil stream, fractionating and/or hydrogenating the hydrocracked vacuum gas oil. The fluids typically have ASTM D86 boiling point ranges within the range 100° C. to 400° C. the range being no more than 75° C., they also have a naphthenic content greater than 60%, the naphthenics containing polycyclic materials, an aromatic content below 2% and an aniline point below 100° C. The fluids are particularly useful as solvents, for printing inks, drilling fluids, metal working fluids and as silicone extenders.
1. A process for the production of hydrocarbon fluids comprising subjecting a vacuum gas oil to hydrocracking to form a product cut of hydrocracking characterized by a content of 1-15 ppm sulfur and 3-30 wt % aromatics, fractionating and hydrogenating the product cut to produce a hydrocarbon fluid having less than 2 wt % aromatics, at least 40 wt % naphthenics, and an ASTM D-86 boiling range in the range 100° C. to 400° C., wherein the boiling range is no greater than 65° C.
2. A process for the production of hydrocarbon fluids according to claim 1 , comprising subjecting a vacuum gas oil to hydrocracking to form a product cut of hydrocracking, fractionating the product cut to form a factionated product cut and then hydrogenating the fractionated product cut produce a hydrocarbon fluid having an ASTM D-86 boiling range in the range 100° C. to 400° C., wherein the boiling range is no greater than 75° C.
3. A process for the production of hydrocarbon fluids according to claim 1 , comprising subjecting a vacuum gas oil to hydrocracking to form a product cut of hydrocracking, hydrogenating the product cut to form a hydrogenated product cut and fractionating the hydrogenated product cut to produce a hydrocarbon fluid having an ASTM D-86 boiling range in the range 100° C. to 400° C., wherein the boiling range is no greater than 75° C.
4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the vacuum gas oil has a Specific Gravity in the range 0.86 to 0.94 and an Initial Boiling Point (ASTM D-1160) in the range 240° C. to 370° C. and a Final Boiling Point (ASTM D-1160) in the range 380° C.-610° C.
5. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the vacuum gas oil to hydrocracking comprises from 40 to 65 wt % total aromatics, the total aromatics comprising from 13 to 27 wt % 1 ring compound; from 10 to 20 wt % 2 ring compounds; from 7 to 11 wt % 3 ring compounds; and from 6 to 12 wt % 4 ring compounds; from 16 to 27 wt % total naphthene comprising from 2 to 4 wt % 1 ring compounds; from 4 to 7 wt % 2 ring compounds; from 4 to 6 wt % 3 ring compounds; and from 4 to 7 wt % 4 ring compounds; from7to l6wt % Paraffins; from 8 to 20 wt % Iso Paraffins; and from 1.75 to3 wt % Sulphur.
6. A process according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon fluid has a boiling range of no greater than 500° C.
7. A hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range in the range 130° C. to 165° C.
8. The hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 160° C. to 1900° C.
9. The hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 . said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 185° C. to 215° C.
10. The hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 195° C. to 240° C.
11. The hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 235° C. to 265° C.
12. The hydrocarbon thud produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 260° C. to 290° C.
13. The hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 290° C. to 315° C.
14. The hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process of claim 1 , said hydrocarbon fluid having the ASTM D-86 boiling range is in the range 300° C. to 360° C.
15. A chilling fluid comprising a hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process according to claim 1 and an oil-based continuous phase or a water-based continuous phase.
16. A metal working fluid comprising a hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process according to claim 1 and an additive selected from extreme pressure agents, antioxidants. biocides and emulsifiers.
17. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon fluid contains at least at least 60 wt % naphthenics.
18. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon fluid contains 70-85 wt % naphthenics.
19. A composition comprising a hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process according to claim 1 , further comprising a resin selected from at least one of the group consisting of acrylic-thermoplastic; acrylic-thermosetting; chlorinated rubber; epoxy (either one or two part); olefins; terpene resins; rosin esters; petroleum resins; coumarone-indene; styrene-butadiene; styrene; methyl-styrene; vinyl-toluene; polychloroprene; polyamide; polyvinyl chloride; isobutylene; phenolic; polyester; alkyd; polyurethane; silicone; urea; vinyl; and polyvinyl acetate.
20. A silicone sealant composition comprising as an extender fluid a hydrocarbon fluid produced by the process according to claim 1 .