Light-receiving/emitting composite unit, method for manufacturing the same, and displacement detection device

1. A light-receiving/emitting composite unit comprising: a light source for emitting light; a polarizing beam splitter for splitting the light emitted from the light source into two light beams having different polarized components, then radiating the two light beams to an external optical system, and combining the two light beams reflected from the external optical system to generate combined light; a phase plate arranged between the light source and the polarizing beam splitter and adapted for changing the polarization state of the light emitted from the light source and leading the light to the polarizing beam splitter; a plurality of light splitting means for splitting the combined light generated by the polarizing beam splitter into plural light beams; polarization means for transmitting only a predetermined polarized component of the split combined light; and a plurality of light-receiving means for photoelectrically converting coherent light transmitted through the polarization means and thus generating an interference signal, wherein each of the light-receiving means is dedicated to a respective light splitting means of the plurality of light splitting means.

2. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phase plate is a ¼ wave plate.

3. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phase plate is provided between the light splitting means and the polarization means and the phase plate changes the polarization state of the split combined light and leads the split combined light to the polarization means.

4. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the light splitting means, the phase plate and the polarization means are sequentially stacked.

5. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the polarization means transmits a polarized component of the split combined light at intervals of 45 degrees, respectively.

6. A light-receiving/emitting composite unit comprising: a light source for emitting light; a polarizing beam splitter for splitting the light emitted from the light source into two light beams having different polarized components, then radiating the two light beams to an external optical system, and combining the two light beams reflected from the external optical system to generate combined light; light splitting means for splitting the combined light generated by the polarizing beam splitter into plural light beams; polarization means for transmitting only a predetermined polarized component of the split combined light; a lens unit for leading plural coherent light beams transmitted through the polarization means to predetermined positions, respectively; and light-receiving means for photoelectrically converting the plural coherent light beams led by the lens unit and thus generating an interference signal.

7. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the lens unit is further provided between the light source and the polarizing beam splitter and changes the direction of propagation of the light emitted from the light source.

8. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the lens unit causes image formation of the plural coherent light beams transmitted through the polarization means.

9. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the lens unit is constituted to be convex toward the light-receiving means.

10. The light-receiving/emitting composite unit as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the lens unit leads the coherent light beams so that the distance between the light source and the light receiving means becomes shorter than the distance between the polarizing beam splitter and the light splitting means.