Polymer emulsions resistant to biodeterioration
This invention is directed to a method of preserving polymer emulsions against biodeteriogenic microbe attack and spoilage by combining with the polymer emulsions selected cationic compounds and an ethylenediamine acid compound. The polymer emulsions contain surfactants and/or anionic constituents. It is also directed to polymer emulsion compositions, that are resistant to spoilage by biodeteriogenic microbes, containing surfactants and/or anionic constituents, an ethylenediamine acid compound, and cationic compounds.
1. An aqueous surfactant stabilized polymer emulsion composition resistant to biodeteriogenic microbe contamination comprising an aqueous polymer emulsion combined with a cationic compound and an ethylenediamine acid compound having the structure:
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are, independently, H, a C 1 -C 12 alkyl, a —(CH 2 ) 1-8 COOH; or a mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-salt of an ethylenediamine acid compound of the above structure; wherein the mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra-salt of the ethylenediamine acid compound is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, an ammonium salt or an ammonium derived salts having the structure:
wherein R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are independently, H or C 1-12 alkyl; provided the salt is soluble in water; and the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of a substituted pyridinium salt, a tetraalkylsubstituted ammonium salt, a polymeric biguanide, a biguanide, a polymeric cationic compound, a benzalkonium derivative, and mixtures thereof; wherein the substituted pyridinium salt is substituted with an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or an aryl group containing 2 to 18 carbons, and each alkyl group in the tetraalkylsubstituted ammonium compound independently contains 1 to 18 carbons, said polymer emulsion containing one or more surfactants or one or more surfactants and anionic constituents; the surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.
2. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the ethylenediamine acid compound is a mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra-salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
3. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 containing an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or both an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, and the ethylenediamine compound is a tetrasodium salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
4. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, benzethonium chloride, a mix of C 12 -C 18 alkyldimethyl benzalkonium chlorides, and mixtures thereof, and the ethylenediamine acid compound is a salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
5. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer emulsion is selected from the group consisting of a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene), poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate), poly(vinyl acetate-(2-ethyl)hexyl acrylate), a polyacrylic, a polymethacrylic, a poly(styrene-acrylic), and poly(vinyl chloride-co-ethylene).
6. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer emulsion is a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene) or a poly(vinyl acetate).
7. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein each of the ethylenediamine acid compound and the cationic compound is present in an amount ranging from 10 ppm to 1 wt %, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
8. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein each of the ethylenediamine acid compound and the cationic compound is present in an amount ranging from 50 ppm to 5000 ppm, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
9. The polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein each of the ethylenediamine acid compound and the cationic compound is present in an amount ranging from 50 ppm to 500 ppm, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
10. An aqueous surfactant stabilized polymer emulsion composition resistant to biodeteriogenic microbe contamination comprising an aqueous polymer emulsion combined with a cationic compound and a sodium salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, said cationic compound selected from the group consisting of poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, a mix of C 12 -C 18 alkyldimethyl benzalkonium chlorides, and mixtures thereof; wherein the polymer emulsion contains one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.
11. A method for preventing biodeteriogenic microbe contamination in polymer emulsions comprising:
combining an aqueous surfactant stabilized polymer emulsion with an effective amount of an ethylenediamine acid compound and a cationic compound; wherein said ethylenediamine acid compound has the structure:
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are, independently, H, a C 1 -C 12 alkyl, a —(CH 2 ) 1-8 COOH; or a mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-salt of an ethylenediamine acid compound of the above structure, wherein the mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra-salt is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, an ammonium salt or an ammonium derived salts having the structure:
wherein R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are independently, H or C 1-12 alkyl; provided the salt is soluble in water; and the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of a substituted pyridinium salt, a tetraalkylsubstituted ammonium salt, a polymeric guanide, a polymeric biguanide, a polymeric cationic compound, a benzalkonium derivative, and mixtures thereof, wherein the substituted pyridinium salt is substituted with an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or an aryl group containing 2 to 18 carbons, and each alkyl group in the tetraalkylsubstituted ammonium compound independently contains 1 to 18 carbons, said polymer emulsion containing one or more surfactants, or one or more surfactants and anionic constituents; the surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the polymer emulsion contains an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or both an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant and the ethylenediamine compound is a tetrasodium salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein the cationic compound is selected from the group consisting of poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, benzethonium chloride, a mix of C 12 -C 18 alkyldimethyl benzalkonium chlorides, and mixtures thereof, and the ethylenediamine acid compound is a salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
14. The method of claim 11 wherein the polymer emulsion is selected from the group consisting of a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene), poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate), poly(vinyl acetate-(2-ethyl)hexyl acrylate), a polyacrylic, a polymethacrylic, a poly(styrene-acrylic), and poly(vinyl chloride-co-ethylene).
15. The method of claim 11 wherein the polymer emulsion is a poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene) or a poly(vinyl acetate).
16. The method of claim 11 wherein the amount of each of the ethylenediamine acid compound and the cationic compound ranges from 10 ppm to 1 wt %, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
17. The method of claim 11 wherein the amount of each of the ethylenediamine acid compound and the cationic compound ranges from 50 ppm to 5000 ppm, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
18. The method of claim 11 wherein the amount of each of the ethylenediamine acid compound and the cationic compound ranges from 50 ppm to 500 ppm, based on the wet weight of the polymer emulsion.
19. A method for preventing biodeteriogenic microbe contamination in polymer emulsions comprising:
combining an aqueous surfactant stabilized polymer emulsion with an effective amount of a cationic compound and a sodium salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid; said cationic compound selected from the group consisting of poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, benzethonium chloride, a mix of C 12 -C 18 alkyldimethyl benzalkonium chlorides, and mixtures thereof.
20. An adhesive formulation comprising a polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 .
21. A coating formulation comprising a polymer emulsion composition of claim 1 .
22. An adhesive formulation comprising a polymer emulsion composition of claim 10 .
23. A coating formulation comprising a polymer emulsion composition of claim 10 .