Sealed nickel-zinc primary cell
The object of the invention is to provide an alkali primary battery being excellent in high rate discharge characteristics with less increase of the inner pressure by generating hydrogen in the overdischarge process. The invention provides a sealed nickel zinc primary battery comprising at least a positive electrode having a higher oxide of nickel as a positive electrode active substance, a negative electrode having zinc or an alloy thereof as a negative electrode active substance, a separator and an electrolyte solution housed in a vessel, wherein manganese dioxide is added in a proportion of 3 to 7% by mass relative to the higher oxide of nickel in the positive electrode, and the ratio between the theoretical capacity of the negative electrode to the theoretical capacity of the positive electrode (the theoretical capacity of the negative electrode/theoretical capacity of the positive electrode) is in the range of 1.2 to 1.0.
1. A sealed nickel zinc primary battery comprising:
at least a positive electrode comprising an oxide of trivalent nickel as a positive electrode active substance;
a negative electrode comprising zinc or an alloy thereof as a negative electrode active substance;
a separator; and
an electrolyte solution housed in a vessel,
wherein manganese dioxide is added in a proportion of 3 to 7% by mass relative to the oxide of trivalent nickel in the positive electrode, and the ratio of the capacity of the negative electrode to the capacity of the positive electrode (the capacity of the negative electrode/capacity of the positive electrode) is in the range of 1.10 to 1.20.
2. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active substance is nickel oxyhydroxide as a eutectic crystal with zinc or cobalt alone, or with zinc and cobalt.
3. A method for producing a sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active substance is a composite nickel oxyhydroxide as an eutectic crystal with zinc or cobalt alone, or with zinc and cobalt, coated with an oxide layer of cobalt on the surface.
4. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode further comprises carbon particles.
5. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of the positive electrode active substance to the carbon particles ranges from 100:3 to 10.
6. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein compounds selected from the group consisting of Y, Er, Yb, Ca, and combinations thereof are added to the positive electrode active substance.
7. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode further comprises a binder.
8. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 7 , wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene; polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF); modified PVdF prepared by substituting at least one of hydrogen and fluorine in PVdF with other substituents; a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and 6-fluoropropylene; a ternary copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and 6-fluoropropylene; polyethylene; and polypropylene.
9. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode further comprises a lubricant.
10. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 9 , wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of graphite, stearic acid, and combinations thereof.
11. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the zinc alloy comprises 0.06% by mass of indium, 0.014% by mass of bismuth, and 0.0035% by mass of aluminum.
12. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the zinc alloy is a powder having a powder diameter ranging from 100 to 300 μm.
13. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution is an aqueous alkaline solution comprising potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and a zinc compound.
14. The sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 13 , wherein the zinc compound is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide.
15. The method for producing a sealed nickel zinc primary battery according to claim 3 , wherein the oxide layer of cobalt comprises cobalt oxyhydroxide or tricobalt tetraoxide.