Methods for marking fibrous substrates
The present invention is directed to the preparation of fibrous substrates, including textiles, marked with colloidal particle nanobar codes, to the fibrous substrates so prepared, and to methods for detecting the nanobar codes on the fibrous substrates for use in quality control, counterfeiting, and the like.
1. A particles binder for binding nanoscopic bar codes to a fibrous substrate, the particles binder comprising a polycarboxylate, petroleum distillate, one or more sorbitan monooleates, ammonium hydroxide, and water, and wherein the particles binder optionally further comprises a resin.
2. A particles binder according to claim 1 which comprises from about 10 wt % to about 50 wt % of a petroleum distillate, from about 2 wt % to about 25 wt % of one or more sorbitan monooleates, from about 5 wt % to about 40 wt % of a polycarboxylate, and from about 5 wt % to about 40 wt % of ammonium hydroxide.
3. A particles binder according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the polycarboxylate is poly(acrylic acid).
4. A treatment preparation for introducing nanoscopic bar codes to a fibrous substrate, the treatment preparation comprising nanoscopic nanobar code particles, a fluorescent dye or fluorophore, a particles binder, and water.
5. A treatment preparation according to claim 4 which comprises from about 0.5 wt % to about 5 wt % of particles binder, from about 0.005 wt % to about 0.1 wt % of fluorescent dye or fluorophore, and from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % of nanobar code particles.
6. A treatment preparation according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the particles binder is selected from those binders useful in the paper or textiles industries.
7. A treatment preparation according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the particles binder is selected from binders according to claim 1 .
8. A treatment preparation according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the nanobar code particles are metallic nanoparticles having machine-readable barcodes.
9. A process for attaching nanoscopic bar codes to a fibrous substrate, the process comprising:
mixing nanoscopic nanobar code particles with a fluorescent dye or fluorophore, a particles binder, and water to give a treatment preparation;
introducing the treatment preparation onto the surface of a fibrous substrate; and
drying the fibrous substrate;
wherein the nanobar code particles are durably attached to the fibrous substrate and readily identifiable for reading.
10. A process according to claim 9 wherein the treatment preparation comprises from about 0.5 wt % to about 5 wt % of particles binder, from about 0.005 wt % to about 0.1 wt % of fluorescent dye or fluorophore, and from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % of nanobar code particles.
11. A process according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the particles binder is selected from those binders useful in the paper or textiles industries.
12. A process according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the particles binder is selected from binders according to claim 1 .
13. A process according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the nanobar code particles are metallic nanoparticles having machine-readable barcodes.
14. A fibrous substrate comprising nanoscopic bar codes durably attached to the fibrous substrate and readily identifiable for reading.
15. A fibrous substrate according to claim 14 wherein the nanoscopic bar codes are metallic nanoparticles having machine-readable barcodes.
16. A fibrous substrate according to claim 14 wherein the nanoscopic bar codes are attached to the fibrous substrate according to the process of claim 9 .
17. A fibrous substrate according to claim 16 wherein the nanoscopic bar codes are metallic nanoparticles having machine-readable barcodes.
18. A treatment preparation according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the particles binder is selected from binders according to claim 2 .
19. A process according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the particles binder is selected from binders according to claim 2 .
20. A fibrous substrate according to claim 14 wherein the nanoscopic bar codes are attached to the fibrous substrate according to the process of claim 10 .