Metallic nanoparticles as orthopedic biomaterial
A composition for use as a prosthetic biomaterial and associated method. The biomaterial exhibits cytocompatibility, mechanical functionality and osteoblast adhesion between the implant and interfacing surface. The biomaterial is metallic, has a grain size less than about 500 nanometers and has a surface roughness of less than about 800 nm rms.
1. A biomaterial for use in implantable orthopedic prosthetic devices wherein said biomaterial comprises consolidated nanoparticles and
a. exhibits cytocompatibility with interfacing biological cells;
b. exhibits mechanical functionality with interfacing biological cells;
c. exhibits osteoblast adhesion between the implant and the interfacing biological cells; wherein the biomaterial
d. is a metal;
e. has a grain size less than about 500 nanometers; and
f. has a surface roughness less than about 500 nanometers root mean square (nm rms).
2. A biomaterial as in claim 1 wherein the surface roughness is between 11 and 356 nanometers root mean square.
3. A biomaterial as in claim 2 which consists essentially of a titanium based metal.
4. A biomaterial as in claim 3 wherein the titanium based metal has a particle size of less than about 500 nanometers and a surface roughness of about 11 nanometers root mean square.
5. A biomaterial as in claim 4 wherein said titanium based metal is commercially pure titanium.
6. A biomaterial as in claim 1 wherein said metal is a titanium based alloy consisting essentially of, on a weight percent basis, of about 11% titanium, 39% aluminum and 50% vanadium.
7. A biomaterial as in claim 1 wherein the metal, on a weight percent basis, is a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy consisting essentially of about 3% cobalt, 70% chromium and 27% molybdenum with the particle size less than about 200 nanometers and the surface roughness less than about 356 nanometers root mean square.
8. A biomaterial as in claim 1 wherein said metal is a powder.
9. A biomaterial as in claim 8 wherein said powder is consolidated and compressed so as to form a surface for interfacing with biological tissue.
10. A biomaterial as in claim 8 wherein said powder is compressed at room temperature.
11. A method of forming an implantable orthopedic prosthetic device including the steps of:
(a) providing a metal biomaterial in powder form;
1. which exhibits cytocompatibility within interfacing biological cells;
2. exhibits mechanical functionality with interfacing biological cells; and
3. exhibits osteoblast adhesion between the implant and interfacing biological cells;
(b) compressing the powder in the absence of binders or sintering temperatures so as to form a consolidated composition comprising a surface for interfacing with biological cells, said consolidated composition having a grain size less than about 500 nanometers; and a surface roughness between about 11 and 360 nanometers root mean square.
12. A biomaterial for use in implantable orthopedic prosthetic devices wherein said biomaterial comprises consolidated nanoparticles and
a. exhibits cytocompatibility with interfacing biological cells;
b. exhibits mechanical functionality with interfacing biological cells;
c. exhibits osteoblast adhesion between the implant and the interfacing biological cells; wherein the biomaterial
d. is a metal; and
e. has a particle size between 200 and 500 nanometers and a surface roughness between 11 and 360 nanometers root mean square.
13. A biomaterial for use in implantable orthopedic prosthetic devices wherein said biomaterial:
a. exhibits cytocompatibility with interfacing biological cells;
b. exhibits mechanical functionality with interfacing biological cells;
c. exhibits osteoblast adhesion between the implant and the interfacing biological cells; wherein the biomaterial
d. is a metal;
e. has a particle size less than 500 nanometers, and
f. has a surface roughness less than 500 nanometers root mean square (nm rms).
14. A biomaterial as in claim 13 wherein the surface roughness is between 11 and 356 nanometers root mean square.
15. A biomaterial as in claim 14 which consists essentially of a titanium based metal.
16. A biomaterial as in claim 13 wherein the metal on a weight percent basis, is a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy consisting essentially of about 3% cobalt, 70% chromium and 27% molybdenum with the surface roughness less than about 356 nanometers root mean square.