Apparatus for producing seedlings and method of producing seedlings
An apparatus for producing seedlings, wherein rootstocks and scions are nursed on multi-staged seedling culture shelves installed in a closed-type structure surrounded by light-interceptive walls, and wherein the rootstocks and scions are joined to each other to produce grafted seedlings. The grafted seedlings are placed on shelf boards of the seedling culture shelves and covered with a light-transmitting shield including vent holes, and light is projected onto the grafted seedlings through the light-transmitting shield to weld the seedlings. The relative humidity in the light-transmitting shield immediately after the grafting is raised by the evaporation of moisture from the rootstocks and the scions. When photosynthesis is stimulated, gas exchange between the carbon dioxide gas-containing atmosphere within the closed type structure and the atmosphere within the light-transmitting shield are accomplished to replenish an inner space of the light-transmitting shield with carbon dioxide gas.
1. An apparatus for producing seedlings without requiring a waterproof structure from seedling culture to welding, so as to make acclimatization unnecessary and accelerate a growth of the seedlings, the apparatus comprising:
a closed-type structure surrounded by light-interceptive thermally insulating walls;
multi-staged seedling culture shelves provided with a plurality of shelf boards capable of mounting grafted seedlings thereon, said seedling culture shelves being disposed within said closed-type structure;
a plurality of artificial lighting devices capable of projecting light onto the grafted seedlings and a plurality of fans capable of generating an air stream over each of said seedling culture shelves, a respective artificial lighting device of said plurality of artificial lighting devices and a respective fan of said plurality of fans being installed on each of said seedling culture shelves;
an air conditioning unit capable of controlling a temperature and a humidity within said closed-type structure;
a carbon dioxide gas supply unit capable of supplying carbon dioxide gas into said closed-type structure; and
a light-transmitting shield detachably disposed to cover the grafted seedlings mounted on each of said plurality shelf boards of said seedling culture shelves,
wherein said light-transmitting shield includes a plurality of vent holes,
wherein each of said plurality of vent holes includes a means for varying an open area of the vent hole thereof,
wherein said light-transmitting shield includes two side faces that are parallel to a direction of a flow of the air stream,
wherein said two side faces are opposing and non-adjacent side faces of said light-transmitting shield, and
wherein said plurality of vent holes are formed only in said two side faces of said light-transmitting shield to generate a static pressure from the flow of the air stream, such that said plurality of vent holes are formed only in the opposing and non-adjacent side faces of said light-transmitting shield, and such that the static pressure provides a gas exchange between an inner space of the closed-type structure and an inner space of said light-transmitting shield, so as to make the acclimatization unnecessary during the welding of the seedlings.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus includes a plurality of said light-transmitting shields, each of said plurality of said light-transmitting shields being mounted on a respective shelf board of said plurality of shelf boards.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 ,
wherein said light-transmitting shield includes five sides,
wherein said five sides of said light-transmitting shield includes (i) a top side, (ii) said two side faces that are opposing and non-adjacent side faces having the plurality of vent holes formed therein, and (iii) two additional opposing and non-adjacent sides,
wherein, when said light-transmitting shield is disposed to cover the grafted seedlings, said top side is located above the grafted seedlings,
wherein, when said light-transmitting shield is disposed to cover the grafted seedlings, said two side faces are located at sides of the grafted seedlings, and
wherein, when said light-transmitting shield is disposed to cover the grafted seedlings, said two additional opposing and non-adjacent sides are located at sides of the grafted seedlings, and
wherein none of said two side faces of said light-transmitting shield having the plurality of vent holes formed therein are located at said top side of said light-transmitting shield.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 ,
wherein the direction of the flow of the air stream is such that (i) the air stream flows along said two side faces of said light-transmitting shield, and (ii) the air stream flows perpendicular to said two additional opposing an non-adjacent sides.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each means for varying the open area of each of said plurality of vent holes includes:
guide frames fixed on an outer face of said light transmitting shield in a longitudinal direction; and
a hole area adjusting plate slidably held by said guide frames and including a plurality of openings varying a size of the open area to adjust a hole area rate between 0% and 100% by slidably moving said hole area adjusting plate along said guide frames in the longitudinal direction.