Coated substrate with a very low solar factor

1. A transparent substrate coated with a stack of layers consisting essentially of, in succession starting from the transparent substrate:

a) a first layer of dielectric material;

b) a first absorbent layer;

c) a first infrared reflective layer;

d) optionally a sacrificial barrier layer;

e) an intermediate layer;

f) optionally a metal layer;

g) a last infrared reflective layer;

h) a last absorbent layer;

i) optionally a sacrificial barrier layer; and

j) a last layer of dielectric material;

wherein when the transparent substrate is a 6 mm clear soda-lime glass, a light absorption value of the coated transparent substrate is between 35 and 67%, a colorimetric index a* of a reflected colour, with respect to the clear soda-lime glass, is between 0 and −10, and a colorimetric index b* of a reflected colour, with respect to the clear soda-lime glass is between 0 and −20, and

wherein the absorbent layers comprise a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, stainless steel, niobium, zinc, nickel, an alloy of these metals and nitrides thereof.

2. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent coated substrate comprises at least one feature selected from the group consisting of (A), (B), (C) and (D):

(A) at least one sacrificial layer disposed between an infrared reflective layer and a following layer of dielectric material;

(B) the dielectric layers comprise one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of aluminium oxide (AlO x ), aluminium nitride (AlN x ), aluminium oxynitride (AlN x O y ), magnesium oxide (MgO x ), niobium oxide (NbO x ), silicon dioxide (SiO x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), titanium dioxide (TiO x ), bismuth oxide (BiO x ), yttrium oxide (YO x ), tin oxide (SnO x ), tantalum oxide (TaO x ), zinc oxide (ZnO x ), zirconium oxide (ZrO x ), zinc stannate (ZnSn x O y ) and zinc sulphide (ZnS x );

(C) at least one infrared reflective layer comprises silver or an alloy of silver with other metals; and

(D) the absorbent layers comprise a material having a spectral absorption index at a wavelength of 580 nm (k 580 ) higher than 0.8.

3. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 2 , which comprises at least two of the features (A) through (D).

4. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 2 which comprises at least three of the features (A) through (D).

5. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 2 , which comprises all of the features (A) through (D).

6. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the coated transparent substrate comprises at least one feature selected from the group consisting of (E), (F), (G) and (H):

(E) a light transmission of the coated transparent substrate, is between 25 and 60%,

(F) a light reflection with respect to a coated layer side (LR c ) of the coated transparent substrate is less than 30%,

(G) a light reflection with respect to a non coated side (LR v ) of the coated transparent substrate is lower than 30%,

(H) a total thickness of the infrared reflective layers is greater than 10 nm.

7. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 6 which comprises at least two of the features (E) through (H).

8. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 6 which comprises at least three of the features (E) through (H).

9. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 6 which comprises all of the features (E) through (H).

10. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 6 , wherein the transparent substrate comprises at least one feature selected from the group consisting of (E), (F), (G) and (H):

(E) a light transmission of the coated transparent substrate, is between 30 and 55%,

(F) a light reflection with respect to the coated layer side (LR c ) of the coated transparent substrate is between 10 and 20%,

(G) a light reflection with respect to the non coated side (LR v ) of the coated transparent substrate is between 10 and 18%,

(H) a total thickness of the infrared reflective layers is between 18 and 35 nm.

11. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the colorimetric index a* is between −1 and −8; and the colorimetric index b* is between −1 and −15.

12. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises a sequence of layers as follows:

a) a first dielectric layer,

b) an infrared reflective layer, and

c) a second layer of dielectric material.

13. A glazing comprising the coated transparent substrate according to claim 1 , wherein a solar factor of the glazing is less than 35%.

14. The glazing according to claim 13 which has a selectivity (LT/SF) higher than 1.3.

15. The glazing according to claim 13 , wherein

a colorimetric index a* of reflected colour with respect to an outside is between 0 and −10, and

a colorimetric index b* of reflected colour with respect to the outside is between 0 and −20.

16. The glazing according to claim 13 , wherein

a light transmission is between 30 and 55%,

a light reflection, with respect to the non coated side, is between 8 and 25%,

a colorimetric index a* with respect to the non coated side, is between 0 and −8 and

a colorimetric index b* with respect to the non coated side, is between 0 and −20.

17. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the last infrared reflective layer is in direct contact with the last absorbent layer.

18. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the light absorption value of the transparent coated substrate is between 39 and 55%, the colorimetric index a* of reflected colour is between −1 and −8, and the colorimetric index b* of reflected color is between −1 and −10.

19. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the first absorbent layer has a thickness of between 4 and 12 nm.

20. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the last absorbent layer has a thickness of between 3 nm and 5.5 nm.

21. A transparent substrate coated with a stack of layers consisting essentially of, in succession starting from the transparent substrate:

a) a first layer of dielectric material;

b) a first absorbent layer;

c) a first infrared reflective layer;

d) optionally a sacrificial barrier layer;

e) an intermediate layer;

f) optionally a metal layer;

g) a last infrared reflective layer;

h) a last absorbent layer;

i) optionally a sacrificial barrier layer; and

j) a last layer of dielectric material;

wherein the absorbent layers comprise a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, stainless steel, niobium, zinc, nickel, an alloy of these metals and nitrides thereof.

22. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 21 , wherein the last absorbent layer has a thickness of between 3 nm and 5.5 nm.

23. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 22 , wherein when the transparent substrate is a 6 mm clear soda-lime glass, a light absorption value of the coated transparent substrate is between 35 and 67%, a colorimetric index a* of a reflected colour, with respect to the clear soda-lime glass, is between 0 and −10, and a colorimetric index b* of a reflected colour, with respect to the clear soda-lime glass is between 0 and −20.

24. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 22 , wherein the first absorbent layer has a thickness of between 4 and 12 nm.

25. The transparent coated substrate according to claim 22 , wherein

a light transmission of the coated transparent substrate is between 30 and 55%, and

the transparent substrate comprises at least one feature selected from the group consisting of (F), (G) and (H):

(F) a light reflection with respect to the coated layer side (LR c ) of the coated transparent substrate is between 10 and 20%,

(G) a light reflection with respect to the non coated side (LR v ) of the coated transparent substrate is between 10 and 18%,

(H) a total thickness of the infrared reflective layers is between 18 and 35 nm.