Thermally-reversible crosslinking of polymers
The present invention is a rheology-modifiable polymeric composition or a free-radical crosslinkable polymeric composition, wherein the resulting rheologymodifying bond or crosslinking bond is a thermally-reversible bond. The resulting polymer is prepared from at least one polymer which upon forming free radicals preferentially degrades or carbon-carbon crosslinks. The present invention permits suppression of the preferential reaction while permitting the polymer to be coupled or crosslinked through a thermally-reversible bond. Suppressing the undesirable degradation or carbon-carbon crosslinking reaction and permitting the desirable reaction yield a rheology-modified polymer or a free-radical thermally-reversibly crosslinked polymer.
1 . A polymeric composition comprising:
(a) a free-radical reactive polymer,
(b) a free-radical inducing species,
(c) a free radical trapping species having at least one trapping site and a thermally-reversible bond contribution site, and
(d) a complementary, thermally-reversible bond contributor,
wherein the free radical trapping species substantially suppresses degradation of the polymer in the presence of the free-radical inducing species and at a trapping site, being graftable onto the polymer after the polymer forms a free radical.
2 . The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein the resulting polymer being a rheology-modified polymer having a gel content as measured by cyclohexane extraction (ASTM 2765) of less than about 10 weight percent.
3 . The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein the resulting polymer being a rheology-modified polymer having a gel content as measured by cyclohexane extraction (ASTM 2765) of less than about an absolute 5 weight percent greater than the gel content of the base polymer.
4 . The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein the resulting polymer being a thermally-reversibly crosslinked polymer having a gel content as measured by cyclohexane extraction (ASTM 2765) of at least about 10 weight percent.
5 . The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein the resulting polymer being a thermally-reversibly crosslinked polymer having a gel content as measured by cyclohexane extraction (ASTM 2765) of at least about an absolute 5 weight percent greater than the gel content of the base polymer.
6 . The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of butyl rubber, polyacrylate rubber, polyisobutene, propylene homopolymers, propylene copolymers, styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers, styrene/ethylene/butadiene/styrene copolymers, polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers, vinyl chloride polymers, and blends thereof.
7 . A polymeric composition comprising:
(a) a free-radical degradable polymer being capable of forming free radicals when subjected to shear energy, heat or radiation,
(b) a free radical trapping species having at least one trapping site and a thermally-reversible bond contribution site, and
(c) a complementary, thermally-reversible bond contributor,
wherein the free radical trapping species (i) substantially suppresses degradation of the polymer when the polymer is subjected to shear energy, heat, or radiation and (ii) at a trapping site, being graftable onto the polymer after the polymer forms a free radical.
8 . A polymeric composition comprising:
(a) a free-radical reactive polymer,
(b) a free-radical inducing species,
(c) a free radical trapping species having at least one trapping site and a thermally-reversible bond contribution site, and
(d) a complementary, thermally-reversible bond contributor,
wherein the free radical trapping species substantially suppresses carbon-carbon crosslinking of the polymer in the presence of the free-radical inducing species and at a trapping site, being graftable onto the polymer after the polymer forms a free radical.
9 . The polymeric composition of claim 8 wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, ethylene/diene copolymer, ethylene homopolymers, ethylene/propylene/diene monomers, ethylene/propylene rubbers, ethylene/styrene interpolymers, ethylene/unsaturated ester copolymers, fluoropolymers, halogenated polyethylenes, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, polybutadiene rubber, silicone rubber, styrene/butadiene rubber, styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers, styrene/ethylene/butadiene/styrene copolymers, and blends thereof.
10 . A polymeric composition comprising:
(a) a free-radical reactive polymer being capable of forming free radicals when subjected to shear energy, heat or radiation,
(b) a free radical trapping species having at least one trapping site and a thermally-reversible bond contribution site, and
(c) a complementary, thermally-reversible bond contributor,
wherein the free radical trapping species (i) substantially suppresses carbon-carbon crosslinking of the polymer when the polymer is subjected to shear energy, heat, or radiation and (ii) at a trapping site, being graftable onto the polymer after the polymer forms a free radical.