Hybrid solid state/electrochemical photoelectrode for hydrogen production
The present invention relates to a semiconductor device for production of a gas from a material comprising the gas using light as the sole power source. In an embodiment, the semiconductor comprises a substrate; a solid-state semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate; a photoactive semiconductor top layer further comprising a photoelectrochemical electrode junction; and an interface layer disposed between the solid-state semiconductor layer and the photoactive semiconductor top layer. A surface of the photoactive semiconductor top layer is exposed to both a source of light such as the sun and to the material, e.g. a liquid electrolyte. The gas is liberated from the material, e.g. hydrogen liberated from a liquid electrolyte. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
1. A method of creating a photoelectrode adapted to liberate a gas present in a material using incident light, comprising:
a. fabricating a first semiconductor layer onto a substrate to form a contact interface between the first semiconductor layer and the substrate, the contact interface comprising an electrical contact with the substrate;
b. fabricating an interface layer onto a surface of the first semiconductor layer opposite the contact interface with the substrate; and
c. fabricating a photoactive semiconductor layer onto the interface layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising fabricating the first semiconductor layer as a plurality of semiconductor layers.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of semiconductor layers form a photovoltaic junction.
4. A method of producing a gas from a material containing constituent materials of the gas, comprising:
a. placing a semiconductor device for production of a gas into a material containing constituent materials of the gas, the semiconductor device comprising a substrate; a first semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate; a photoactive semiconductor top layer further comprising a photoelectrochemical electrode junction; and an interface layer disposed between the semiconductor layer and the photoactive semiconductor top layer; and
b. exposing a surface of the photoactive semiconductor top layer to both a source of light and the material.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein:
a. the source of light is the sun;
b. the material is a liquid electrolyte; and
c. the gas is at least one of (a) hydrogen or (b) oxygen.