Heavy hydrocarbon composition with utility as a heavy lubricant base stock
View Patent ↗A heavy hydrocarbon composition with utility as a heavy hydrocarbon base stock comprising at least 95 wt % paraffin molecules, of which at least 90 wt % are isoparaffin, containing hydrocarbon molecules having consecutive numbers of carbon atoms, is a liquid at 100° C., at which temperature its kinematic viscosity, as measured by ASTM D-445, is above 8 cSt, has an initial boiling point of least 850° F. (454° C.) and an end boiling point of at least 1000° F. (538° C.), wherein the branching index (BI), as measured by the percentage of methyl hydrogens, and the branching proximity (CH 2 >4), as measured by the percentage of recurring methylene carbons which are four or more carbon atoms removed from an end group or branch, of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules, are such that: (a) BI−0.5(CH 2 >4)<15; and (b) BI+0.85(CH 2 >4)<45; as measured over the heavy hydrocarbon composition as a whole.
1. A heavy hydrocarbon composition comprising at least 95 wt % paraffin molecules, of which at least 90 wt % are isoparaffins, containing hydrocarbon molecules having consecutive numbers of carbon atoms, is a liquid at 100° C., at which temperature its kinematic viscosity, as measured by ASTM D-445, is above 8 cSt, has an initial boiling point of least 850° F. (454° C.) and an end boiling point of at least 1000° F. (538° C.), wherein the branching index (BI), as measured by the percentage of methyl hydrogens, and the branching proximity (CH 2 >4), as measured by the percentage of recurring methylene carbons which are four or more carbon atoms removed from an end group or branch, of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules, are such that:
(a) BI−0.5(CH 2 >4)<15; and
(b) BI+0.85(CH 2 >4)<45;
as measured over the heavy hydrocarbon composition as a whole.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said branching index (BI) is less than 24 and said composition contains at least 95 wt % of hydrocarbon molecules having at least thirty carbon atoms.
3. A composition according to claim 2 wherein said branching proximity (CH 2 >4) is greater than 17.
4. A composition according to claim 3 wherein less than half the branches of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules have two or more carbon atoms.
5. A composition according to claim 4 wherein less than 25% of the total number of carbon atoms in said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules are present in said branches.
6. A composition according to claim 5 comprising at least 98 wt % saturated, paraffinic hydrocarbons, of which at least 90 wt % are non-cyclic hydrocarbons and not more than 5 wt % cyclic hydrocarbons.
7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein less than 25% of the total number of said branches have three or more carbon atoms.
8. A composition according to claim 7 wherein less than 15% of the total number of said branches have three or more carbon atoms.
9. A composition according to claim 8 having an end boiling point above 1050° F. (566° C.).
10. A composition according to claim 9 comprising at least 95 wt % hydrocarbons having thirty or more carbon atoms.
11. A composition according to claim 10 having a T5 boiling point of at least 900° F.
12. A composition according to claim 8 wherein less than 25% of the total number of carbon atoms in said isoparaffin hydrocarbon molecules are present in said branches.
13. A composition according to claim 12 that has been hydrofinished and optionally dehazed.
14. A composition according to claim 13 which is a liquid at conditions of 75° F. (24° C.) and one atmosphere (101 kPa) pressure.
15. A composition according to claim 12 comprising at least a portion of one or more of a heavy white oil, a pharmaceutical oil, a carrier or base for medicinal formulations and as a component of chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
16. A composition according to claim 1 which is a synthetic composition.
17. A composition according to claim 16 wherein said branching index BI is less than 24 and said composition contains at least 95 wt % of hydrocarbon atoms having at least thirty carbon atoms.
18. A composition according to claim 17 wherein said branching proximity (CH 2 >4) is greater than 17.
19. A composition according to claim 18 wherein less than half the branches of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules have two or more carbon atoms.
20. A composition according to claim 8 having an end boiling point above 1050° F. (566° C.).
21. A composition according to claim 20 comprising at least 95 wt % hydrocarbons having thirty or more carbon atoms.
22. A composition according to claim 21 that has been hydrofinished and optionally dehazed.
23. A composition according to claim 22 having a T5 boiling point of at least 900° F.
24. A method for improving lubrication properties between moving parts comprising providing the composition according to claim 1 ; and using said composition in or as one or more of a heavy lubricant base stock, heavy white oil, a pharmaceutical oil, a carrier or base for medicinal formulations and as a component of chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
25. A method for reducing the pour and cloud point of a heavy lubricant base stock comprising using the composition according to claim 1 .
26. A method for improving lubrication properties between moving parts comprising using the composition according to claim 1 in or as a heavy lubricant base stock.
27. The method according to of claim 26 , wherein said heavy lubricant base stock comprises one or more lubricant additives.