Hyperpolarized gas transport and storage devices and associated transport and storage methods using permanent magnets
A transport unit includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged to provide a magnetic holding field for protecting hyperpolarized gas during storage and/or transport. The permanent magnets are configured in a relatively light weight manner to project a substantially cylindrical magnetic holding field or spherical holding field in space. The magnet arrangements can include primary magnets and field shaping secondary magnets which act to enlarge the region of homogeneity. The permanent magnet arrangement can also be provided with a cylindrical shaped flex sheet magnetically activated to provide the magnetic holding field. The permanent magnet arrangements do not require disassembly to insert or remove one or more containers of hyperpolarized gas in or out of the transport unit.
1. A transport unit for transporting hyperpolarized gas products, comprising:
at least one gas chamber configured to hold a quantity of hyperpolarized gas therein;
a first upstanding end wall comprising a first set of spaced-apart discrete permanent magnets positioned thereon;
a second upstanding end wall positioned in said transport unit spaced apart from and opposing said first wall to define a gas enclosure volume for holding said gas chamber therebetween, said second upstanding wall comprising a second set of spaced-apart discrete permanent magnets positioned thereon;
wherein said first and second magnet sets are circumferentially arranged about two corresponding circles with corresponding first diameters and aligned centers on said first and second walls, respectively;
wherein each of said discrete permanent magnets has a magnetic north and south pole associated therewith; and
said first magnet set is arranged on said first wall such that the magnetic north pole of each magnet in said first magnet set is directed toward the center of the circle that said first magnet set is arranged thereabout, and the magnetic south pole of each magnet in said second magnet set is directed toward the center of the circle around which said second magnet set is arranged about; and
wherein said permanent magnets in each of said first and second magnet sets are arranged to laterally extend toward the other a minor distance to define a central free space with a magnetic holding field having a region of homogeneity therebetween.
2. A transport unit according to claim 1 , wherein said first and second magnet sets comprise an equal number of discrete permanent magnets, and wherein said first and second magnet sets are arranged such that each of said permanent magnets in said first set is aligned with an opposing permanent magnet in said second set.
3. A transport unit according to claim 2 , wherein each of said permanent magnets in said first and second sets is disposed such that it is diametrically opposed from another of said permanent magnets in its respective first or second set.
4. A transport unit according to claim 1 , further comprising third and fourth upstanding walls and opposing top and bottoms which together with said first and second walls define a metallic housing, and wherein said housing is spaced apart a predetermined separation distance from the perimeter of the gas chamber holding a major volume of said hyperpolarized gas therein.
5. A transport unit according to claim 1 , wherein said first and second walls are positioned inside a structural housing, and wherein said housing is configured to be spatially separated a predetermined separation distance from the perimeter of the gas chamber holding a major volume of said hyperpolarized gas therein.
6. A transport unit according to claim 4 , wherein said predetermined distance is at least about 2 inches.
7. A transport unit according to claim 5 , wherein said predetermined distance is at least about 2 inches.
8. A transport unit according to claim 2 , wherein said equal number of separate permanent magnets is at least eight.
9. A transport unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a gas platform positioned in said transport unit such that each of said at least one gas chamber is held substantially along a common axis proximate to the magnetic holding field region of homogeneity.
10. A transport unit according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one gas chamber is a plurality of gas chambers.
11. A transport unit according to claim 1 , wherein said permanent magnets are disk magnets.
12. A transport unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a third supplementary set of magnets arranged to be circumferentially spaced apart about a third circle having a second diameter, wherein said set of supplementary magnets is positioned intermediate said first and second magnet sets.
13. A transport unit according to claim 12 , wherein said second diameter is greater than said first diameter.
14. A transport unit according to claim 13 , wherein said first diameter is about between 0.4 to 0.8 times the size of said second diameter.
15. A transport unit according to claim 13 , wherein magnets comprising said supplementary set of magnets have a north pole and a south pole associated therewith, and
wherein said north pole of said supplementary magnet points normal to the plane defined by said third circle and in the direction of a plane defined by said first circle.
16. A transport unit according to claim 12 , wherein said third supplementary set of magnets is positioned as an equatorial set of magnets.
17. A transport unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a first quantity of a hyperpolarized gas and a second quantity of a buffer gas held in said at least one gas chamber.