Medium, method and system for proving a turbine meter
A novel medium, method and system for proving a turbine meter for use with natural gas. The novel test medium is a gas having the following characteristics: (a) Density>2×Density of Natural Gas; (b) Dynamic Viscosity<Dynamic Viscosity of Natural Gas; and (c) Ideal gas behavior for approximately 15° C.<T<25° C. and 1 bar<P<50 bar. The method and system make use of the novel test medium. Also disclosed is a novel method and system for cooling a test medium circulating in a turbine meter prover system involving injecting liquefied test medium into said circulating test medium.
1. A method for proving a turbine meter for use in a natural gas conduit, the method comprising:
providing a prover system, the prover system including a reference meter;
connecting the turbine meter to the prover system for fluid communication therewith;
introducing a test medium into the prover system, the test medium being a gas other than air having a Reynolds number greater than the Reynolds number of natural gas at a given pressure;
urging the test medium to flow through the reference meter and the turbine meter;
measuring the flow rate of the test medium through the prover system using each of the reference meter and the turbine meter; and
comparing the flow rate measured by the reference meter to the flow rate measured by the turbine meter to establish thereby the accuracy of the turbine meter.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein introducing a test medium into the prover system includes charging the prover system with the test medium until a predetermined target pressure has been reached.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein introducing a test medium into the prover system further includes pressurizing the test medium in the prover system.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium has a density that is greater than twice the density of natural gas at a given pressure.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium has a dynamic viscosity that is lesser than the dynamic viscosity of natural gas at a given pressure.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium exhibits ideal gas behavior at a temperature approximately 150° C.<T<250° C. and at a pressure approximately 1 bar<P<50 bar.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium liquifies easily at a temperature greater than approximately −100° C. at atmospheric pressure.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium stores at room temperature in liquid form at a pressure smaller than 65 bar.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium is carbon dioxide.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the test medium is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, argon and sulphur hexafluoride.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein urging the test medium to flow through the reference meter and the turbine meter includes circulating the test medium through the prover system at a pressure of approximately 8 bar and a temperature of approximately 20° C.
12. The method of claim 1 further including controlling the temperature of the test medium circulating in the prover system.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein controlling the temperature of the test medium circulating in the prover system includes cooling the test medium using a heat exchanger.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein controlling the temperature of the test medium circulating in the prover system includes introducing a refrigerant into the prover system.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the refrigerant introduced into the prover system is liquefied test medium.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein the refrigerant introduced into the prover system is liquefied carbon dioxide.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein the refrigerant introduced into the prover system has a latent heat of vaporization that is greater than approximately 200 Btu/kg at a temperature 150° C.<T <25 and at a pressure 1 bar<P<25 bar.
18. A system for proving a turbine meter for use in a natural gas conduit, the system comprising:
a reference meter;
a conduit system for carrying a test medium to be used for proving the turbine meter, the conduit system connecting the reference meter to the turbine meter for fluid communication therebetween;
a test medium, the test medium being a gas other than air having a Reynolds number greater than the Reynolds number of natural gas at a given pressure; and
means for circulating the test medium in the conduit system and through the reference meter and the turbine meter.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein the conduit system includes a fill valve for introducing the test medium into the system.
20. The system of claim 19 wherein the conduit system further includes:
a first flow straightener disposed upstream from the reference meter; and
a second flow straightener disposed upstream from the turbine meter.
21. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium has a density that is greater than twice the density of natural gas at a given pressure.
22. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium has a dynamic viscosity that is lesser than the dynamic viscosity of natural gas at a given pressure.
23. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium exhibits ideal gas behavior at a temperature approximately 15° C.<T<25° C. and at a pressure approximately 1 bar<P<50 bar.
24. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium liquifies easily at a temperature greater than approximately −100° C. at atmospheric pressure.
25. The system of claim ˜wherein the test medium stores at room temperature in liquid form at a pressure smaller than 65 bar.
26. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium is carbon dioxide.
27. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, argon and sulphur hexafluoride.
28. The system of claim 18 wherein the test medium is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, argon and sulphur hexafluoride.
29. The system of claim 18 wherein the means for circulating the test medium includes:
a compressor for pressurizing the conduit system and circulating the test medium; and
means for driving the compressor.
30. The system of claim 29 wherein the means for driving the compressor includes a variable speed motor.
31. The system of claim 29 wherein the means for driving the compressor includes a variable speed motor.
32. The system of claim 18 further including means for cooling the test medium.
33. The system of claim 32 wherein the means for cooling the test medium includes a heat exchanger operatively connected to the conduit system.
34. The system of claim 33 wherein the means for cooling the test medium includes a heat exchanger operatively connected to the conduit system.
35. The system of claim 33 wherein the means for cooling the test medium includes at least one injection nozzle for delivering a refrigerant into the conduit system.
36. The system of claim 35 further including a refrigerant for cooling the test medium.
37. The system of claim 36 wherein the refrigerant is liquified carbon dioxide.