Group III-B metal catalyst system
The subject invention relates to a technique for synthesizing rubbery non-tapered, random, copolymers of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. These rubbery copolymers exhibit an excellent combination of properties for utilization in tire sidewall rubber compounds for truck tires. By utilizing these isoprene-butadiene rubbers in tire sidewalls, tires having improved cut growth resistance can be built without sacrificing rolling resistance. Such rubbers can also be employed in tire tread compounds to improve tread wear characteristics and decrease rolling resistance without sacrificing traction characteristics. This invention more specifically discloses a process for the synthesis of isoprene-butadiene rubber which comprises copolymerizing isoprene monomer and 1,3-butadiene monomer in an organic solvent in the presence of a Group III-B metal containing catalyst system that is made by the sequential steps of (I) reacting an organometalic compound that contains a metal from Group III-B of the Periodic System with an organoaluminum compound at a temperature which is within the range of 50° C. to 100° C. to produce an aluminum modified Group III-B metal containing catalyst component, and (II) mixing the aluminum modified Group III-B metal containing catalyst component with a halogen containing compound, wherein the catalyst system is void of compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols, cycloaliphatic alcohols, aliphatic thiols, cycloaliphatic thiols, trialkyl silanols, and triaryl silanols.
1. A process for the synthesis of isoprene-butadiene rubber which comprises copolymerizing isoprene monomer and 1,3-butadiene monomer in an organic solvent in the presence of a Group III-B metal containing catalyst system that is made by the sequential steps of (I) reacting an organometalic compound that contains a metal from Group III-B of the Periodic System with an organoaluminum compound at a temperature which is within the range of 50° C. to 100° C. to produce an aluminum modified Group III-B metal containing catalyst component, and (II) mixing the aluminum modified Group III-B metal containing catalyst component with a halogen containing compound to produce the Group III-B metal containing catalyst system, wherein the catalyst system is void of compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols, cycloaliphatic alcohols, aliphatic thiols, cycloaliphatic thiols, trialkyl silanols, and triaryl silanols, wherein the organometalic compound that contains a metal from Group III-B of the Periodic System is reacted with the organoaluminum compound in the absence of conjugated diene monomers, wherein the copolymerization is carried out in a reactor, wherein the catalyst system is prepared in the absence of compounds that contain labile halogen atoms.
2. A process as specified in claim 1 wherein the organoaluminum compound and the organometallic compound that contains a metal from Group III-B of the Periodic System are allowed to react for a period of at least about 5 minutes to produce the aluminum modified Group III-B metal containing catalyst component.
3. A process as specified in claim 1 wherein the organoaluminum compound and the organomerallic compound that contains a metal from Group III-B of the Periodic System ere allowed to react for a period of time that is within the range of about 5 minutes to about 25 minutes to produce the aluminum modified Group III-B metal containing catalyst component.
4. A process as specified in claim 2 wherein the Group III-B metal in the organometallic compound is a lanthanide selected from the group consisting of cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, and gadolinium.
5. A process as specified in claim 1 wherein the copolymerization is conducted at a temperature that is within the range of about 30° C. to about 85° C.; and wherein the organic solvent contains from about 5 weight percent to about 35 weight percent monomers.
6. A process as specified in claim 5 wherein the Group III-B metal in the organometallic compound is neodymium.
7. A process as specified in claim 6 wherein the catalyst system is present at a level sufficient to provide from 0.05 to 0.5 millimoles of the neodymium per 100 grams of total monomers.
8. A process as specified in claim 4 the molar ratio of the halogen containing compound to the lanthanide metal in the lanthanide containing catalyst component is within the range of about 1:1 to about 5:1.
9. A process as specified in claim 4 wherein the molar ratio of the amount of the halogen containing compound to the lanthanide metal in the lanthanide containing catalyst component is within the range of about 3:2 to about 3:1.
10. A process as specified in claim 4 wherein the molar ratio of the amount of the halogen containing compound to the lanthanide metal in the lanthanide containing catalyst component is within the range of 1.8:1 to about 5:2.
11. A process as specified in claim 6 wherein the organoaluminum compound is of the structural formula:
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing from 2 to about 8 carbon atoms.
12. A process as specified in claim 11 wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 represent alkyl groups which contain from about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms.