Compounds and methods to enhance rAAV transduction

1. A method to enhance recombinant adeno-associated (rAAV) transduction of a mammalian cell, the method comprising contacting the mammalian cell at the time of rAAV infection with an amount of an anthracycline and an amount of a tripeptide aldehyde that inhibits proteosome proteolytic activity that together more than additively enhance rAAV transduction.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the rAAV comprises a marker gene or a selectable gene.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein one rAAV comprises a first recombinant DNA molecule comprising linked:

i) a first DNA segment comprising a 5′ inverted terminal repeat (ITR) of AAV;

ii) a second DNA segment comprising a heterologous DNA; and

iii) a third DNA segment comprising a 3′ ITR of AAV.

4. The method of claim 3 further comprising a second rAAV comprising a second recombinant DNA molecule comprising linked:

i) a first DNA segment comprising a 5′ ITR of AAV, and

ii) a second DNA segment comprising a heterologous DNA which has sequences that are different than the sequences in the second DNA segment of the first recombinant DNA molecule; and

iii) a third DNA segment comprising a 3′ ITR of AAV.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the second DNA segment of the first recombinant DNA molecule comprises a portion of an open reading frame for a gene product, optionally operably linked to at least one transcriptional regulatory element, and a splice donor site 3′ to the portion of the open reading frame, and wherein the second DNA segment of the second recombinant DNA molecule comprises a splice acceptor site 5′ to the remainder of an open reading frame, which together with the second DNA segment of the first recombinant DNA molecule encodes a functional gene product.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the transcriptional regulatory element is a promoter.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein the transcriptional regulatory element is an enhancer.

8. The method of claim 4 wherein the second DNA segment of the first recombinant DNA molecule comprises an enhancer and the second DNA segment of the second recombinant DNA molecule comprises an open reading frame encoding a functional gene product.

9. The method of claim 4 wherein the second DNA segment of the first recombinant DNA molecule comprises a promoter and the second DNA segment of the second recombinant DNA molecule comprises an open reading frame encoding a functional gene product.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is a lung cell, an epithelial cell, a liver cell, a muscle cell, a hematopoietic cell, a heart cell, or a neuronal cell.

11. The method of claim 5 , 8 or 9 wherein the expression of the functional gene product is enhanced.

12. The method of claim 3 wherein the second DNA segment encodes a functional gene product.

13. The method of claim 5 , 8 , 9 or 12 wherein the functional gene product is a therapeutic peptide or polypeptide or a prophylactic peptide or polypeptide.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the functional polypeptide is cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, β-globin, γ-globin, tyrosine hydroxylase, glucocerebrosidase, aryl sulfatase A, factor VIII, dystrophin or erythropoietin.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein the anthracycline is doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, or epirubicin, or the tripeptidyl aldehyde is LLnL or Z-LLL.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is a human cell, canine cell, murine cell, rat cell or rabbit cell.

17. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is contacted with the anthracycline or the tripeptidyl aldehyde or a combination thereof before the cell is contacted with the virus.

18. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is contacted with the virus before the cell is contacted with the anthracycline or the tripeptidyl aldehyde or a combination thereof.

19. The method of claim wherein the anthracycline or tripeptide aldehyde modulates rAAV trafficking in the cell.

20. The method of claim 1 wherein the anthracycline or tripeptide aldehyde modulates rAAV nucleic acid degradation in the cell.

21. The method of claim 1 wherein the anthracycline or tripeptide aldehyde modulates rAAV protein degradation in the cell.

22. The method of claim 1 wherein the anthracycline or tripeptide aldehyde modulates rAAV transport to the nucleus.

23. The method of claim 1 wherein the anthracycline or tripeptide aldehyde modulates viral genome transport to the nucleus.

24. A method to enhance rAAV transduction of a mammalian cell, the method comprising contacting the mammalian cell at the time of rAAV infection with an amount of a peptide that inhibits proteosome proteolytic activity and an amount of an anthracycline, selected from the group consisting of doxorubicin, duanorubicin, idarubicin and epirubicin, that together more than additively enhance rAAV transduction.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein the rAAV comprises a marker gene or a selectable gene.

26. The method of claim 24 wherein the cell is a lung cell, an epithelial cell, a liver cell, a heart cell, a hematopoietic cell, a muscle cell or a neuronal cell.

27. The method of claim 24 wherein the rAAV expresses a therapeutic or prophylactic gene product.

28. The method of claim 24 wherein the cell is a human cell, canine cell, murine cell, rat cell or rabbit cell.

29. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates microfilaments or microtubules.

30. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates rAAV trafficking in the cell.

31. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates rAAV nucleic acid degradation in the cell.

32. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates rAAV protein degradation in the cell.

33. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates rAAV transport to the nucleus.

34. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates viral genome transport to the nucleus.

35. The method of claim 24 wherein the anthracycline or peptide modulates subcellular localization of proteosomes.

36. The method of claim 1 wherein the anthracycline that is contacted with the mammalian cell is in a liposomal formulation.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein the anthracycline is doxorubicin.

38. The method of claim 24 wherein the doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, or epirubicin is in a liposomal formulation.