Porous composition of matter, and method of making same
View Patent ↗A low-k organic dielectric material having stable nano-sized porous is provided as well as a method of fabricating the same. The porous low-k organic dielectric material is made from a composition of matter having a vitrification temperature (Tv-comp) which includes a b-staged thermosetting resin having a vitrification temperate (Tv-resin), a pore generating material, and a reactive additive. The reactive additive lowers Tv-comp below Tv-resin.
1. A composition of matter having a vitrification temperature (Tv-comp) comprising:
a b-staged thermosetting resin comprising a polyarylene material having a vitrification temperature (Tv-resin);
a pore generating material comprising a thermally labile polymer material; and
a reactive additive that comprises a triacetylene material that includes a centrally located uniformly 1,3,5-trisubstituted phenyl moiety, and lowers the Tv-comp below that of the Tv-resin, said reactive additive is selected to increase compatibility of the pore generating material and the b-staged thermosetting resin.
2. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said resin comprises functionality that is reactive with said reactive additive.
3. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said pore generating material is functionally attached to said resin.
4. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said pore generating material is substantially dispersed within said resin.
5. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said reactive additive comprises functionality that becomes chemically incorporated into said resin upon vitrification producing a structure that has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand capillary collapsing forces produced upon decomposition of said pore generating material.
6. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said pore generating material is polystyrene nanoparticles.
7. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said reactive additive plasticizes said resin thereby lowering the glass transition temperature of said composition and allowing vitrification to proceed at lower temperatures.
8. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said reactive additive allows, during curing of said composition of matter, the glass transition of said composition of matter to advance above the curing temperature.
9. The composition of matter claim 1 wherein said reactive additive is selected from the group consisting of
10. The composition of matter of claim 9 wherein said reactive additive is TRIS A, TRIS 2 or TRIS P.
11. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said b-staged thermosetting resin is a Diels Alder reaction product between a polyfunctional cyclopentadienone and a poly functional acetylene.
12. The composition of matter of claim 1 further comprising a solvent.
13. The composition of matter of claim 1 comprising from about 20 to about 91 wt. % of said b-staged thermosetting resin, from about 5 to about 50 wt. % of said pore generating material; and from about 4 to about 60 wt. % of said reactive additive, based on 100 percent dry weight of the total composition.
14. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said reactive additive is selected to increase the foaming efficiency for a nucleation and growth process or a particle template process as compared to a composition not including the reactive additive.
15. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said b-staged thermosetting resin comprises cyclopentadienone functional compounds and acetylene functional aromatic compounds and/or partially polymerized reaction products of said compounds.
16. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein said reactive additive is selected so as to increase the crosslinking density of the resin as compared to a composition not including the reactive additive.
17. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein the reactive additive serves as a compatiblizer between the b-staged thermosetting resin and the pore generating material causing phase separation to be delayed in nucleation and growth systems, while preventing agglomeration in a particle template approach.
18. The composition of matter of claim 1 wherein vitrification occurs below the pore generating material's thermal decomposition temperature.
19. A composition of matter having a vitrification temperature (Tv-comp) comprising:
a b-staged thermosetting resin comprising a polyarylene resin, and having a vitrification temperature (Tv-resin);
a pore generating material that comprises a thermally labile polymer material; and
a reactive additive that comprises a triacetylene material that includes a centrally located uniformly 1,3,5-trisubstituted phenyl moiety, and lowers the Tv-comp below that of the Tv-resin.
20. The composition of matter of claim 19 wherein said resin comprises functionality that is reactive with said reactive additive.
21. The composition of matter of claim 19 wherein said reactive additive comprises functionality that becomes chemically incorporated into said resin upon vitrification producing a structure that has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand capillary collapsing forces produced upon decomposition of said pore generating material.
22. The composition of matter of claim 19 wherein said reactive additive plasticizes said resin thereby lowering the glass transition temperature of said composition and allowing vitrification to proceed at lower temperatures.
23. The composition of matter of claim 19 wherein said reactive additive allows, during curing of said composition of matter, the glass transition of said composition of matter to advance above the curing temperature.
24. The composition of matter of claim 19 wherein said reactive additive is selected from the group consisting of
25. A composition of matter having a vitrification temperature (Tv-comp) comprising:
a b-staged thermosetting resin comprising a polyarylene material having a vitrification temperature (Tv-resin);
a pore generating material comprising a thermally labile polymer material; and
a reactive additive that comprises a triacetylene material that includes a centrally located uniformly 1,3,5-trisubstituted phenyl moiety, and is selected to increase compatibility of the pore generating material and the b-staged thermosetting resin.
26. The composition of matter of claim 25 wherein said resin comprises functionality that is reactive with said reactive additive.
27. The composition of matter of claim 25 wherein said reactive additive comprises functionality tat becomes chemically incorporated into said resin upon vitrification producing a structure that has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand capillary collapsing forces produced upon decomposition of said pore generating material.
28. The composition of matter of claim 25 wherein said reactive additive plasticizes said resin thereby lowering the glass transition temperature of said composition and allowing vitrification to proceed at lower temperatures.
29. The composition of matter of claim 25 wherein said reactive additive allows, during curing of said composition of matter, the glass transition of said composition of matter to advance above the curing temperature.
30. The composition of matter of claim 25 wherein said reactive additive is selected from the group consisting of