Highly soluble form of tricalcium citrate, and methods of its making and use
We report herein a composition comprising tricalcium citrate, wherein the tricalcium citrate has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2-theta (2θ) values of about 8.236, about 16.02, about 17.97, about 19.75, about 21.42, about 25.74, and about 28.65. This tricalcium citrate is produced at high temperatures in a low-water environment. This composition is highly soluble (more than about 200 mg per 8 fluid ounces) in potable aqueous solutions (beverages), and can be used to fortify beverages (such as fruit juices) or foods with calcium at higher doses than seen when using previously-known compositions of tricalcium citrate.
1. A method of preparing a composition comprising tricalcium citrate, comprising:
(i) blending about 4 mole parts to about 2 mole parts calcium as calcium salt and about 2 mole parts anhydrous citric acid or citric acid monohydrate, to yield blended calcium salt and citric acid; and
(ii) melting the blended calcium salt and citric acid, in a low-water environment, to allow formation of the tricalcium citrate.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tricalcium citrate has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2-theta (2θ) values of about 8.236, about 16.02, about 17.97, about 19.75, about 21.42, about 25.74, and about 28.65.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising milling the tricalcium citrate.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the melting step is performed in an extruder.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the melting step comprises heating at a temperature from about 175° C. to about 185° C.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising blending a beverage stabilizer with the tricalcium citrate.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the beverage stabilizer is maltodextrin, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, fructose, high fructose corn syrup, invert sugar, pectin, algin, starch, hydrolyzed starch, xanthan gum, or two or more thereof.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein up to about 1 part by weight of the beverage stabilizer is blended with about 1 part by weight tricalcium citrate.