Thermally-driven ink-jet printhead capable of preventing cavitation damage to a heater
A thermally-driven ink-jet printhead includes a substrate having an ink chamber to be filled with ink to be ejected, a manifold for supplying ink, and an ink channel for providing flow communication therebetween. First and second sidewalls are formed to a predetermined depth from an upper surface of the substrate and define the ink chamber to have a substantially rectangular shape. A nozzle plate including a plurality of material layers is formed on the substrate. A nozzle passes through the nozzle plate and is in flow communication with the ink chamber. A heater is disposed between the nozzle and one of the first sidewalls above the ink chamber. A conductor is electrically connected to the heater. The conductor and the heater are disposed within the nozzle plate. A shifting feature moves cavitation points beyond an outer edge of the heater.
1. A thermally-driven ink-jet printhead, comprising:
a substrate having an ink chamber to be filled with ink to be ejected, a manifold for supplying ink to the ink chamber, and an ink channel for providing flow communication between the ink chamber and the manifold;
first sidewalls and second sidewalls, which are formed to a predetermined depth from an upper surface of the substrate and define the ink chamber to have a substantially rectangular shape, the first sidewalls being disposed in a widthwise direction of the ink chamber and the second sidewalls being disposed in a lengthwise direction of the ink chamber;
a nozzle plate formed on the substrate, the nozzle plate including a plurality of material layers, and a nozzle passing through the nozzle plate and in flow communication with the ink chamber;
a heater, which is disposed between the nozzle and one of the first sidewalls, the heater being disposed within the nozzle plate and positioned above the ink chamber;
a conductor, which is disposed within the nozzle plate, the conductor being electrically connected to the heater; and
a shifting feature for moving cavitation points beyond an outer edge of the heater.
2. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls are uneven.
3. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of convex projections formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
4. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of concave grooves formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
5. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a pocket formed in each of the first sidewalls.
6. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 5 , wherein inner surfaces of the pocket are uneven.
7. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising a plurality of convex projections formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
8. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising a plurality of concave grooves formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
9. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heater comprises:
a main heater, which is disposed between the nozzle and one of the first sidewalls, the main heater being disposed within the nozzle plate and positioned above the ink chamber; and
an auxiliary heater, which is disposed between the main heater and a corresponding one of the first sidewalls,
wherein the conductor, which is disposed within the nozzle plate, is electrically connected to the main heater and the auxiliary heater.
10. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 9 , wherein a size of the auxiliary heater and a distance between the auxiliary heater and the main heater are determined so that cavitation points are located between the main heater and the auxiliary heater.
11. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the main heater and the auxiliary heater have a substantially rectangular shape in which a length of the ink chamber extends in a nozzle disposition direction.
12. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 9 , wherein dimensions of the auxiliary heater are determined so that a resistance of the auxiliary heater is the same as a resistance of the main heater.
13. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the main heater and the auxiliary heater are both connected to the conductor.
14. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heater has a substantially rectangular shape in which a length of the ink chamber extends in a nozzle disposition direction.
15. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ink channel comprises two ink channels, each of the two ink channel being formed adjacent to one of the first sidewalls.
16. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first sidewalls and the second sidewalls define the ink chamber to have a substantially rectangular shape in which a width of the ink chamber extends in a nozzle disposition direction.
17. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first sidewalls and the second sidewalls are formed of materials other than a material used to form the substrate.
18. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the first sidewalls and the second sidewalls are silicon oxide.
19. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the nozzle plate comprises:
a plurality of passivation layers stacked on the substrate; and
a heat dissipating layer stacked on the plurality of passivation layers, the heat dissipating layer being formed of a material having good thermal conductivity.
20. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the plurality of passivation layers are formed of an insulating material.
21. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the heater and the conductor are formed between adjacent layers of the plurality of passivation layers.
22. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the nozzle has a tapered shape such that a diameter thereof decreases in a direction toward an outlet.
23. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the heat dissipating layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and gold (Au).
24. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the heat dissipating layer is formed to a thickness of about 10–100 μm.
25. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead of claim 19 , wherein the heat dissipating layer thermally contacts an upper surface of the substrate through a contact hole formed in the plurality of passivation layers.
26. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 19 , further comprising a seed layer, for electroplating the heat dissipating layer, formed on the plurality of passivation layers.
27. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the seed layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), and nickel (Ni).
28. A thermally-driven ink-jet printhead, comprising:
a substrate having an ink chamber to be filled with ink to be ejected, a manifold for supplying ink to the ink chamber, and an ink channel for providing flow communication between the ink chamber and the manifold;
first sidewalls and second sidewalls, which are formed to a predetermined depth from an upper surface of the substrate and define the ink chamber to have a substantially rectangular shape, the first sidewalls being disposed in a widthwise direction of the ink chamber and the second sidewalls being disposed in a lengthwise direction of the ink chamber;
a nozzle plate formed on the substrate, the nozzle plate including a plurality of material layers, and a nozzle passing through the nozzle plate and in flow communication with the ink chamber;
a heater, which is disposed between the nozzle and one of the first sidewalls, the heater being disposed within the nozzle plate and positioned above the ink chamber;
a conductor, which is disposed within the nozzle plate, the conductor being electrically connected to the heater; and
means for moving cavitation points beyond an outer edge of the heater.
29. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 28 , wherein the means for moving cavitation points beyond an outer edge of the heater comprise inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls being uneven.
30. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 29 , further comprising a plurality of convex projections formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
31. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 29 , further comprising a plurality of concave grooves formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
32. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 28 , wherein the means for moving cavitation points beyond an outer edge of the heater comprise a pocket formed in each of the first sidewalls.
33. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 32 , wherein inner surfaces of the pocket are uneven.
34. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 33 , further comprising a plurality of convex projections formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
35. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 33 , further comprising a plurality of concave grooves formed on the inner surfaces of each of the first sidewalls.
36. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 28 , wherein the means for moving cavitation points beyond an outer edge of the heater comprises providing a heater including:
a main heater, which is disposed between the nozzle and one of the first sidewalls, the main heater being disposed within the nozzle plate and positioned above the ink chamber; and
an auxiliary heater, which is disposed between the main heater and a corresponding one of the first sidewalls,
wherein the conductor, which is disposed within the nozzle plate, is electrically connected to the main heater and the auxiliary heater.
37. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 36 , wherein a size of the auxiliary heater and a distance between the auxiliary heater and the main heater are determined so that cavitation points are located between the main heater and the auxiliary heater.
38. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 36 , wherein the main heater and the auxiliary heater have a substantially rectangular shape in which a length of the ink chamber extends in a nozzle disposition direction.
39. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 36 , wherein dimensions of the auxiliary heater are determined so that a resistance of the auxiliary heater is the same as a resistance of the main heater.
40. The thermally-driven ink-jet printhead as claimed in claim 36 , wherein the main heater and the auxiliary heater are both connected to the conductor.