Lafora's disease gene
A novel gene (EPM2A) that is deleted or mutated in people with Lafora's disease is described. The EPM2A gene encodes a protein having an active catalytic site of a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Many different sequence mutations as well as several microdeletions in EPM2A have been found that co-segregate with Lafora's disease.
1. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, except that the nucleic acid molecule has at least one mutation relative to SEQ ID NO: 1; wherein the mutation is selected from the group consisting of a point mutation, a missense mutation, a nonsense mutation, an insertion of a single nucleotide, and a deletion, wherein the mutation results in a mutated protein relative to SEQ ID NO: 2 and wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule has at least 90% identity to the full-length molecule of SEQ ID NO:1.
2. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, except that nucleotide C at position 721 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is replaced with nucleotide T.
3. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a missense mutation and the missense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide G at position 836 in SEQ ID NO: 1 with nucleotide A.
4. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a nonsense mutation and the nonsense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide C at position 163 in SEQ ID NO:1 with nucleotide T.
5. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a missense mutation and the missense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide A at position 146 in SEQ ID NO: 1 with nucleotide G.
6. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a nonsense mutation and the nonsense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide G at position 412 in SEQ ID NO:1 with nucleotide T.
7. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a missense mutation and the missense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide A at position 878 in SEQ ID NO:1 with nucleotide T.
8. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a nonsense mutation and the nonsense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide C at position 179 in SEQ ID NO:1 with nucleotide A.
9. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a missense mutation and the missense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide C at position 322 in SEQ ID NO: 1 with nucleotide T.
10. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a missense mutation and the missense mutation is the replacement of nucleotide T at position 94 in SEQ ID NO: 1 with nucleotide G.
11. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is an insertion of nucleotide A at position 800 in SEQ ID NO: 1.
12. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein the mutation is a deletion mutation.
13. The isolated nucleic acid molecule according to claim 1 wherein nucleotide G at position 235 in SEQ ID NO:1 is deleted.
14. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:3, except that nucleotide C at position 533 is replaced with nucleotide T.
15. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:3, except that the nucleic acid molecule has at least one mutation relative to SEQ ID NO:3, wherein the mutation is selected from the group consisting of a point mutation, a missense mutation, a nonsense mutation, an insertion of a single nucleotide, and a deletion, wherein the mutation results in a mutated protein relative to SEQ ID NO:4, and wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule has at least 90% identity to the full length molecule of SEQ ID NO: 3.