Devices and methods for forming magnetic anastomoses and ports in vessels
Methods and devices for forming magnetic anastomoses between hollow bodies. End-to-side, side-to-side and end-to-end anastomoses can be created with or without a mechanical connection between the components. The anastomotic components may have various constructions and may be secured to a vessel in various manners, for example, magnetically, mechanically or adhesively. Also provided are alternative delivery devices, as well as devices for checking the position of a component on a loaded delivery device, and for checking the seal between a vessel and an anastomotic component secured thereto.
1 . A magnetic anastomotic component comprising:
a first portion having an opening adapted to be placed in communication with a lumen of a hollow body when the component is attached thereto; and
a second portion attached to the first portion and including an expandable tubular body configured to be attached to an end of the hollow body;
wherein the first and second portions are disposed generally transverse to each other; and
at least one of the first and second portions is capable of producing or being attracted by a magnetic field.
2 . The component of claim 31 , wherein the first and second portions are disposed generally perpendicularly to each other.
3 . The component of claim 31 , wherein the first portion is generally planar and is disposed at an end of the second portion.
4 . The component of claim 33 , wherein the tubular body of the second portion is superelastic and constrained in a first configuration and released to assume a second configuration.
5 . The component of claim 34 , wherein the tubular body comprises a stent.
6 . The component of claim 31 , wherein at least one of the first and second portions has openings to promote tissue ingrowth and allow expansion of the portion.
7 . The component of claim 31 , wherein the second portion is configured to be secured to a synthetic or natural blood vessel.
8 . The component of claim 31 , wherein the first and second portions are separate elements secured to each other by respective attachment structure.
9 . The component of claim 38 , wherein the attachment structure comprises mating projections and recesses on the first and second portions.
10 . The component of claim 38 , wherein the attachment structure comprises at least one aperture and mating extension on the first and second portions.
11 . The component of claim 38 , wherein the attachment structure comprises a thermal energy bond between the first and second portions.
12 . The component of claim 41 , wherein the tubular portion defines an annular space configured to receive an end of the hollow body to secure the component to the hollow body.
13 . The component of claim 42 , wherein the tubular portion is radially collapsible to compress the end of the hollow body.
14 . The component of claim 41 , wherein the first portion is a permanent magnet and the second portion is ferromagnetic.
15 . A magnetic anastomotic component for being secured to a hollow body having a lumen, the component comprising:
an annular body defining an opening;
a plurality of separate attachment members each of which may be selectively engaged with the annular body to secure the annular body to a hollow body;
wherein at least one of the annular body and plurality of attachment members is capable of producing or being attracted to a magnetic field.
16 . The component of claim 45 , wherein the annular body is a permanent magnet and the attachment members are superelastic.
17 . The component of claim 45 , wherein the annular body has a portion configured to engage the attachment members and lock the structures together while providing a flat coupling surface.
18 . A device for checking the seal between an anastomotic component and a hollow body to which the component is secured, the device comprising:
an expandable structure with a substantially fluid-impervious surface; and
material capable of producing or being attracted by a magnetic field;
wherein the expandable structure is magnetically attracted to a magnetic or ferromagnetic anastomotic component secured to a hollow body so that the fluid-impervious surface may be placed over the component to block flow, and wherein the expandable structure is expanded to break the magnetic attraction between the material and the component.
19 . The device of claim 48 , wherein the expandable structure is a balloon that is inflated to separate the fluid-impervious surface from the anastomotic component.
20 . The device of claim 49 , wherein the material is a permanent magnet disposed inside the balloon.
21 . The device of claim 48 , wherein the material is a permanent magnet with two polarities disposed adjacent two fluid-impervious surfaces to allow use of the device on anastomotic components having different magnetic polarities.