PVD coated ruthenium featured cutting tools
The present invention relates to the PVD coated tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented cutting inserts with ruthenium (Ru) as a key chemical element, or a key feature, in the cobalt (Co)-based binder phase, particularly useful for machining today's mold & die materials. In the Ru—Co mixed binder phase in the tungsten carbide substrate, the ratio of Ru/Co is at least 3%, by weight. The Ru-featured carbide cutting insert provided in this invention is PVD coated with one or more layers by a modern PVD coating technology. The development of the PVD coated Ru-featured carbide cutting inserts provided in this invention is based on a discovery that the unique combination of PVD coating techniques and Ru-featured carbide cutting inserts demonstrates superior machining performance in today's mold & die machining applications.
1. A cutting tool, comprising:
a cemented carbide substrate, wherein the substrate comprises hard particles and a binder, and the binder comprises ruthenium; and
at least one coating on at least a portion of the substrate, wherein the coating has the characteristics of a coating applied by physical vapor deposition.
2. The cutting tool of claim 1 , wherein the wear resistant coating has a thickness of from 1 to 10 microns.
3. The cutting tool of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises at least one of iron, nickel and cobalt.
4. The cutting tool of claim 3 , wherein the binder comprises cobalt.
5. The cutting tool of claim 4 , wherein the concentration of ruthenium in the binder is from 3% and 30%, by weight.
6. The cutting tool of claim 5 , wherein the concentration of ruthenium in the binder is from 8% and 30%, by weight.
7. The cutting tool of claim 6 , wherein the concentration of ruthenium in the binder is from 8% and 20%, by weight.
8. The cutting tool of claim 7 , wherein the concentration of ruthenium in the binder is from 10% and 15%, by weight.
9. The cutting tool of claim 1 , wherein the at least one coating comprises at least one of a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal silicon and a metal oxide of a metal selected from groups IIIA, IVB, VB, and VIB of the periodic table.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coating comprises at least one of titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN), titanium aluminum nitride plus carbon (TiAlN+C), aluminum titanium nitride (AlTiN), aluminum titanium nitride plus carbon (AlTiN+C), titanium aluminum nitride plus tungsten carbide/carbon (TiAlN+WC/C), aluminum titanium nitride (AlTiN), aluminum titanium nitride plus carbon (AlTiN+C), aluminum titanium nitride plus tungsten carbide/carbon (AlTiN+WC/C), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium diboride (TiB2), tungsten carbide carbon (WC/C), chromium nitride (CrN) and aluminum chromium nitride (AlCrN).
11. The cutting tool of claim 10 , wherein the at least one coating has a thickness from 2 to 6 micrometers.
12. The cutting tool of claim 10 , wherein the at least one coating comprises multiple layers.
13. The cutting tool of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles are at least one of metal carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides, oxides and solid solutions thereof.
14. The cutting tool of claim 13 , wherein the metal of the metal carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides, oxides, and solid solutions thereof is at least one of titanium, chromium, vanadium, zirconium, hafnium, tantabium, molybdenum, niobium and tungsten.
15. A method of coating a substrate, comprising: applying a coating on a cemented carbide substrate by physical vapor deposition, wherein the substrate comprises a hard particles and a binder and the binder comprises ruthenium.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the wear resistant coating has a thickness from 2 to 6 microns.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the binder is at least one of iron, nickel and cobalt.