Cell culture media
Methods are taught for culturing mammalian cells, preferably human cells, to improve production of proteins, recombinant or endogenous. Methods are also provided for the growth and long-term survival of cell lines, particularly cell lines established from primary culture. Cell culture media are also provided, contained varying levels of selected amino acids, supplemented with various growth factors and trace elements. In additionally, the media are optionally serum-free, and preferably use an energy source other than glucose. The media are particularly suitable for the primary culture and long-term culture of human fetal cells.
1. A composition of serum-free cell culture medium having the following components present at the indicated final concentrations: calcium chloride at 180 mg/L, potassium chloride at 298 mg/L, potassium nitrate at 0.0126 mg/L, magnesium sulfate at 68 mg/L, magnesium chloride at 37 mg/L, sodium chloride at 6200 mg/L, sodium bicarbonate at 1200 mg/L, sodium phosphate at 43 mg/L, sodium phosphate (dibasic) at 88 mg/L, sodium selenite at 0.0126 mg/L, ammonium metavanadate 3.51×10 −4 mg/L, molybdic acid at 3.72×10 −3 mg/L, cupric sulfate at 7.5×10 4 mg/L, ferrous sulfate at 0.25 mg/L, manganese sulfate at 4.53×10 −5 mg/L, zinc sulfate at 0.259 mg/L, fructose at 2000 mg/L, HEPES at 15 mM, putrescine at 0.048 mg/L, thioctic acid at 0.0618 mg/L, sodium pyruvate at 110.03 mg/L, linoleic acid at 0.025 mg/L, 1-alanine at 20.173 mg/L, 1-asparagine (freebase) at 17.5 mg/L, 1-asparagine at 122.01 mg/L, 1-aspartic acid at 24.99 mg/L, 1-cystine at 63.98 mg/L, 1-cysteine at 5.268 mg/L, glutamic acid at 56.9 mg/L, 1-glutamine at 600 mg/L, glycine at 23.25 mg/L, 1-histidine at 35.69 mg/L, 1-isoleucine at 74.68 mg/L, leucine at 77.43 mg/L, 1-lysine at 113.16 mg/L, 1-methionine at 22.34 mg/L, 1-phenylalanine at 47.69 mg/L, 1-proline at 38.36 mg/L, 1-seine at 32.55 mg/L, 1-threonine at 70.07 mg/L, 1-tryptophan at 11.81 mg/L, 1-tyrosine at 75.17 mg/L, 1-valine at 69.31 mg/L, biotin at 1.13 ×102 mg/L, D-Ca-pantothenate at 2.87 mg/L, choline chloride at 6.99 mg/L, folic acid at 3.2 mg/L, 1-inositol at 10.45 mg/L, niacinamide at 2.81 mg/L, pyriodxal at 2.8 mg/L, pyridoxine at 1.85×10 −2 mg/L, riboflavin at 0.291 mg/L, thiamine at 2.9 mg/L, vitamin B 12 at 4.99×10 −2 mg/L.