Graphite/metal foil/polymer substrate laminate for low contact resistance bipolar plate application
A separator plate for a PEM fuel cell and a method of making the same includes providing a sheet of material having through plane passages formed therein. A sheet of graphite is placed on each of a first face and a second face of the sheet of material to form a laminated member. Compressive force is applied onto the laminated member. First portions of the graphite are extruded to flow into the through plane passages. An array of electrically conductive pathways through the sheet are created. Second portions of graphite are bonded to each of the first face and the second face.
1 . A method of making a separator plate for a PEM fuel cell comprising:
providing a sheet of material;
forming through plane passages in said sheet of material;
placing a sheet of graphite on each of a first face and a second face of said sheet of material to form a laminated member; and
applying compressive force onto said laminated member, thereby extruding first portions of said graphite to flow into said through plane passages and creating an array of electrically conductive pathways through said sheet, and second portions of graphite to bond to each of said first face and said second face.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying adhesive to each of said first and second faces of said sheet.
3 . The method of claim 2 wherein applying adhesive includes applying a thermally-activated adhesive, said thermally-activated adhesive bonding said graphite to each of said first and second faces upon application of said compressive force.
4 . The method of claim 1 wherein providing said sheet of material includes providing a polymeric substrate.
5 . The method of claim 4 wherein said polymeric substrate comprises polyimide.
6 . The method of claim 1 wherein forming passages through said sheet of material includes removing about 40% of said sheet of material.
7 . The method of claim 1 wherein placing a sheet of graphite includes placing sheets of graphite, each of which are between about five to ten times as thick as said sheet of material.
8 . The method of claim 1 wherein applying compressive force includes roll bonding said respective sheets of graphite to said sheet of material.
9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming flow fields in said laminated member.
10 . A method of making a separator plate for a PEM fuel cell comprising:
perforating a non-conductive substrate to form a set of perforations extending through said substrate from a first face to a second face of said substrate;
locating a first sheet of graphite in contact with said first face to form a laminated member;
compressing said laminated member so as to extrude first portions of said first graphite sheet through said set of perforations; and
bonding second portions of said first graphite sheet to said first face.
11 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising locating a second sheet of graphite in contact with said second face.
12 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising applying adhesive to each of said first and second faces of said substrate.
13 . The method of claim 11 wherein compressing said laminated member includes extruding said first and second graphite sheets through said perforations while applying compressive force to said first and second graphite sheets.
14 . The method of claim 10 wherein perforating a non-conductive substrate includes removing about 40% of said non-conductive substrate.
15 . The method of claim 10 wherein applying compressive force includes roll bonding said respective sheets of graphite to said substrate.
16 . The method of claim 10 wherein said substrate includes a polymeric substrate.
17 . The method of claim 16 wherein said polymeric substrate comprises polyimide.
18 . The method of claim 11 wherein locating first and second graphite sheets includes placing sheets of graphite, each of which are between about five to ten times as thick as said substrate.
19 . The method of claim 10 further comprising forming flow fields in said laminated member.
20 . A separator plate for a PEM fuel cell comprising:
a non-conductive substrate material having a plurality of perforations extending between a first and second face;
a layer of graphite disposed across each of said first and second faces defining a laminated member;
graphite extruded through said plurality of perforations and operable to form an electrical communication between said first and second face; and
a flow field geometry formed in said laminated member.
21 . The separator plate of claim 20 wherein said non-conductive substrate comprises a polymeric material.
22 . The separator plate of claim 21 wherein said polymeric material comprises polyimide.